Computer Output Devices

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following devices is classified as an output device?

Mouse

Printer (correct)

Keyboard

Scanner

What is a byte defined as?

A group of 2 bits

A group of 4 bits

A group of 16 bits

A group of 8 bits (correct)

Which term describes a program or set of programs designed to interact with a computer?

Software (correct)

Malware

Firmware

Hardware

What is the significance of open source software?

The source code is available for public use and modification. Signup and view all the answers

What does a nibble consist of?

4 bits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following measurements is NOT typically used to quantify computer memory?

MilliBytes (MB) Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT considered an output device?

Ventilation fan Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines a bit?

A binary digit holding a value of 0 or 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is stored in the /bin directory of the Linux file system?

Essential system programs Signup and view all the answers

Which directory would you find system configuration files in a Linux system?

/etc Signup and view all the answers

Why is learning GNU/Linux considered beneficial for a career?

It will eventually be used in the workplace. Signup and view all the answers

What information can be found in the /proc directory?

Files related to processes Signup and view all the answers

Where are temporary files stored in a Linux file system?

/tmp Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the /home directory?

It stores all user home directories. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of repositories in a GNU/Linux distribution?

They contain software for the Linux distribution. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the flexibility of GNU/Linux?

The user can change the desktop layout and appearance. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary data model widely used for data storage and processing?

Relational Model Signup and view all the answers

What does the DECIMAL data type represent in a database?

Numbers with fractional parts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the standard properties of transactions in a database?

Dynamicity Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'atomicity' in transactions ensure?

It guarantees that all operations within a transaction are completed successfully. Signup and view all the answers

For storing a date in a database, which data type would be appropriate?

DATE Signup and view all the answers

What is a transaction in the context of databases?

A unit of work performed against a database Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the INT data type in a database?

It stores integer values. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of handling database errors during transactions?

To ensure data integrity and maintain consistent data. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of data integrity in a DBMS?

Ensuring data is accurate and consistent Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes data security in a database?

Only authorized users should be allowed access and their identities authenticated. Signup and view all the answers

What is a data model in the context of databases?

A logical structure designed according to specific rules Signup and view all the answers

Which data type can hold a fixed length string that includes letters, numbers, and special characters?

CHAR Signup and view all the answers

What feature does a DBMS provide to reduce application development and maintenance time?

Support for shared data across applications Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following models is NOT mentioned as a type of data model?

Object-oriented model Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of unauthorized access to a database?

Violation of data integrity constraints Signup and view all the answers

What does the specific data type of a field in a database determine?

The only type of data that can be stored in that field Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Durability' in database operations refer to?

It guarantees the effects of a committed transaction persist despite failures. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of a database table, what is a 'Field'?

A heading or title under which individual information is organized. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 'Isolation' in RDBMS?

It enables transactions to operate independently of each other. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines a 'Record' in a database?

A collection of data about a specific entity or item. Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'Key' signify in a database table?

A unique column or combination of columns identifying rows. Signup and view all the answers

How are columns represented in a table?

Vertically within the table. Signup and view all the answers

What defines the 'Consistency' in database transactions?

The guarantee that invalid data cannot enter the database. Signup and view all the answers

How does an RDBMS organize data?

As a collection of interconnected data organized into tables. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Output Devices

Output devices display or reproduce data processed by the computer in a user-friendly form.
Common output devices include monitors, screens, printers, and speakers.
Includes all components with circuit boards within personal computers, such as motherboards, graphics cards, CPUs, and webcams.

Memory Units

Memory size is typically measured in Megabytes (MB) and Gigabytes (GB).
Bits, nibbles, bytes, and larger units are fundamental to understanding data storage:
- Bit: Smallest unit, representing values 0 or 1.
- Nibble: Comprises 4 bits.
- Byte: Group of 8 bits, capable of holding a data item or character.

Software

Software consists of programs providing instructions that enable users to interact with computers.
Open-source software: Publicly accessible, allowing users to modify and share code.
Linux distributions often utilize free software, updating through repositories.

Linux File System Hierarchy

Root directory: All system directories reside under "/", with specific directories serving distinct functions:
- /bin: Contains essential system programs.
- /dev: Stores connected device information.
- /etc: Houses system configuration files.
- /proc: Provides process-related information.
- /home: User-specific directories.

Benefits of Learning GNU/Linux

Widely used in workplaces, powering millions of desktops and servers.
Android, a smartphone OS, is based on a modified GNU/Linux kernel.
Consistency and accuracy in database management are crucial for data integrity.

Data Security in DBMS

Authorisation is key; only verified users should access databases.
Unauthorized access violates integrity constraints, necessitating strong security measures.

Data Types in DBMS

Different data types define field characteristics:
- CHAR: Fixed-length string for letters, numbers, special characters.
- VARCHAR: Variable-length string for similar data.
- DECIMAL: Represents numbers with or without decimal points.
- DATE and TIME: Store date and time data, respectively.

Database Models

Database structure follows specific models, often relational, which is the most common:
- Organizes data into tables linked by defined relationships.
- Supports effective data processing and storage efficiency.

Transaction Properties (ACID)

Transactions should maintain four key properties:
- Atomicity: All operations must complete successfully or else roll back.
- Consistency: Valid data states before and after transactions.
- Isolation: Transactions operate independently, minimizing interference.
- Durability: Ensures data remains intact even during system failures.

Key Database Terms

Table: Basic unit of data storage, organized into rows and columns.
Field: Specific information stored in a column.
Record: A row in a table, containing related data, also referred to as a tuple.
Key: Identifies unique records within a table.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the various output devices used in computers, including monitors, printers, and speakers. It explores how these devices reproduce data for the user's benefit. Test your knowledge on the components that form part of a computer system.