Computer Number Systems and Data Processing

The process of converting raw data into meaningful information.

Raw facts and figures that have not been processed or interpreted. Examples include letters, numbers, sounds, and images.

Processed data that is organized, analyzed, and presented in a meaningful way. It gives context and understanding to raw data.

The use of computers and other information and communications technology (ICT) to process, operate, and manipulate data.

A series of steps that transform raw data into useful information.

The initial stage of the data processing cycle. It involves collecting, gathering, and identifying raw data.

The stage where raw data is converted into a format suitable for processing. This involves classifying, summarizing, sorting, and coding.

The stage where data is manipulated electronically. It involves performing logical or mathematical operations based on the desired outcome.

A system for representing numbers using a base of 10 and digits from 0 to 9. It's the everyday number system we use.

A system for representing numbers using a base of 2 and only the digits 0 and 1. It's the fundamental language of computers.

A system for representing numbers using a base of 8 and digits from 0 to 7. It's often used as a compact representation of binary numbers.

A system for representing numbers using a base of 16 and digits from 0 to 9 and letters A to F. It's widely used in computer programming and hardware.

A collection of wires and connectors that transmit data between different components of a computer, like the CPU, memory, and peripherals.

A type of bus that carries control signals from the CPU to other components. It dictates what actions the computer takes.

A type of bus that transmits addresses from the CPU to locate data or devices within the computer system.

A standard code that represents characters and symbols using numbers. It's how computers understand text input.

A data bus allows data transfer between the computer's memory and CPU, or to and from external devices like hard drives and printers.

A network interconnects two or more computers, enabling them to share information and resources.

A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a type of network that connects devices within a small area, typically limited to a single person's immediate surroundings.

A Local Area Network (LAN) connects computers and devices within a limited geographical area, like a school or office.

A Wide Area Network (WAN) connects computers over a large geographical area, spanning cities, states, or even countries.

Wired communication uses different types of cables, such as coaxial, fiber-optic, Ethernet, and traditional telephone lines, to establish network connections.

Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a common interface allowing computers to communicate with various peripherals like keyboards and mice.

FireWire is a type of connector for high-speed data transfer between devices.

A type of cable that transmits signals between a computer and network devices such as a router, switch, or other computers.

A connector that transmits both audio and video data, commonly used for high-definition displays.

A type of connection that transmits data one bit at a time, commonly used in the past for connecting peripherals.

A 6-pin connector used to connect mice and keyboards to computers.

A 3.5mm jack used for connecting microphones (input) and speakers (output) to devices.

Data transmission using radio waves, allowing devices to connect wirelessly.

A technology using radio waves to connect devices within a short range.

Software that allows users to perform specific tasks, like creating documents, editing photos, or browsing the web. Examples include Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop, and Google Chrome.

The core software that manages the computer's resources, such as memory and hardware. It acts as the intermediary between the user and the hardware.

A method of interacting with a computer using text-based commands. It's like giving instructions to the computer through words.

A visual interface that uses icons, menus, and windows to interact with the computer. It makes using a computer more intuitive and user-friendly.

A combination of hardware and software that provides a platform for running applications. Think of it as the foundation upon which software can be built and run.

A standard electronic component designed for display purposes. It can emit light, often in various colors, and is commonly used in computer monitors, televisions, and mobile phones.

A type of storage drive that uses flash memory to store data. This makes it faster and more durable than traditional hard disk drives (HDDs).

A computer's memory that stores data temporarily while the computer is running. It is crucial for quick access to frequently used data.

A small portable storage device. Typically, removable, rewritable, and much smaller than an optical disc.

Refers to the means of communication that uses unique tools to interconnect among people.