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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
What is the purpose of a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
Registrars register top-level domains (TLDs).
Registrars register top-level domains (TLDs).
False
What does ICANN govern?
What does ICANN govern?
Internationally, ICANN governs Registrars and Registries.
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-usable domain names into __________.
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-usable domain names into __________.
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Match the following organizations with their roles:
Match the following organizations with their roles:
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What connects end users to the Internet?
What connects end users to the Internet?
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Cloudflare is a Recursive DNS provider.
Cloudflare is a Recursive DNS provider.
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What is the primary purpose of authoritative DNS?
What is the primary purpose of authoritative DNS?
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In a two-tier design and client-server model, what is the role of the client?
In a two-tier design and client-server model, what is the role of the client?
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In a single-tier design, the terminal/thin client interacts with the user as directed by the server.
In a single-tier design, the terminal/thin client interacts with the user as directed by the server.
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What is the primary purpose of FTP?
What is the primary purpose of FTP?
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What is the primary category of websites that includes wikipedia.org?
What is the primary category of websites that includes wikipedia.org?
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In Cloud Computing, remote server systems store, manage, and process data for __________.
In Cloud Computing, remote server systems store, manage, and process data for __________.
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Match the following components with their descriptions:
Match the following components with their descriptions:
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Google.com is the website with the highest monthly traffic.
Google.com is the website with the highest monthly traffic.
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What is the name of the cloud-based collaboration tools used in Activity 1?
What is the name of the cloud-based collaboration tools used in Activity 1?
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What is a characteristic of Cloud Computing?
What is a characteristic of Cloud Computing?
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In a two-tier design, the client maintains its own file system.
In a two-tier design, the client maintains its own file system.
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Cloud computing can be categorized into three main types: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and _______________ as a Service (SaaS).
Cloud computing can be categorized into three main types: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and _______________ as a Service (SaaS).
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What is transferred between platforms in FTP?
What is transferred between platforms in FTP?
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Which of the following websites can be considered a Social Media Network?
Which of the following websites can be considered a Social Media Network?
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Match the following websites with their respective categories:
Match the following websites with their respective categories:
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The Domain Name System (DNS) is used for content delivery.
The Domain Name System (DNS) is used for content delivery.
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What is the estimated total number of visits per month per human?
What is the estimated total number of visits per month per human?
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What is the primary purpose of a network?
What is the primary purpose of a network?
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The Internet is a single network.
The Internet is a single network.
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What does WAN stand for?
What does WAN stand for?
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A _______ is a network of peer networks.
A _______ is a network of peer networks.
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Match the following types of computer networks with their descriptions:
Match the following types of computer networks with their descriptions:
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What is the primary benefit of open standards on the Internet?
What is the primary benefit of open standards on the Internet?
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What is the name of the organization founded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in 1994?
What is the name of the organization founded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in 1994?
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Net neutrality means that all packets are prioritized based on their content.
Net neutrality means that all packets are prioritized based on their content.
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What is the principle of Net Neutrality?
What is the principle of Net Neutrality?
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OSTEP and CIAIT are supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
OSTEP and CIAIT are supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
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What is the main purpose of DevOps?
What is the main purpose of DevOps?
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The AI/ML Fintech algo trading framework is used for _______________ purposes.
The AI/ML Fintech algo trading framework is used for _______________ purposes.
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Match the following technologies with their descriptions:
Match the following technologies with their descriptions:
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What is the primary purpose of a Data Lake?
What is the primary purpose of a Data Lake?
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Cloudflare is a Content Delivery Network (CDN) provider.
Cloudflare is a Content Delivery Network (CDN) provider.
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What is the main purpose of Super-Embedded Systems?
What is the main purpose of Super-Embedded Systems?
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Study Notes
Computer Networks
- A network is a set of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing resources.
- Types of computer networks:
- WAN (Wide Area Network): e.g. public Internet
- Intranet: inside a private network
- LAN (Local Area Network): high-speed network for an intranet
- VPN (Virtual Private Network): remote connection to a private intranet across a public network via IP tunnelling
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): e.g. TTC subway station WiFi
Success of the Internet
- Open Standards:
- TCP/IP, HTTP, HTML, WWW browser
- Sir Tim Berners-Lee (1990)
- Marc Andreessen (1993)
- W3C (1994)
- Open Source:
- GNU/Linux (1991)
- Apache Web Server (1995)
- World-wide networking:
- Glass fibre and telecom gold rush
- Affordable bandwidth: speed and capacity grow for the same cost
- Decentralized, cooperative infrastructure
- Growth by cooperation
- Innovation by competition
- Net Neutrality: all packets are created equal
Internet Infrastructure
- Tier 1/2 IXP (Internet Exchange Point)
- Tier 3 ISP (Internet Service Provider)
- IXP connected through the oceans
- Internet brought to you by:
- Browsers (Firefox, Chrome)
- Search engines (Startpage, DuckDuckGo, Google, Bing)
- Content creators
- App Platforms & Stacks (Facebook, Shopify, Wordpress, Drupal, LAMP, ASP.NET)
- Hosts (matrix, Amazon Web Services, WHC.ca, Rackspace)
- Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
- Transit Providers
- Reverse Proxy/CDN (Akamai, Cloudflare, AWS)
- Recursive DNS providers (CIRA, Quad9, OpenDNS)
- Authoritative & Root DNS (Dyn, Cloudflare)
- Registrars (e.g. Tucows)
- ICANN governs internationally
- Registries (cira.ca, Verisign) administer top-level domains (TLD)
Client-Server Model
- Two-Tier design:
- Server/Host: centralized processing, data storage, and communication
- Client: user-facing, interacts with Server
- Thick Client: advanced presentation, user data management, tells Server what to do
- Thin Client: interacts with Server, receives instructions from Server
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
- Client-Server application
- Client authenticates and connects to Server
- Client navigates directories, requests data, and receives/sends data
- FTP Server: interacts with local Operating System
- File System: attributes/metadata are not necessarily transferred between platforms
Cloud Computing
- Remote server systems store, manage, and process data for small local servers, PCs, mobile devices, and web apps
- Hosted infrastructure, development stacks, and applications
- On-demand resources rapidly provisioned and released
Cloud Organization
- Virtual Machines and Containers
- Seneca's Open Source Technology for Emerging Platforms (OSTEP) and Centre for Innovation in AI Technology (CIAIT)
- Hyperscale ARM servers, DevOps, Data Lake for smart buildings analytics, and more
Net Neutrality
- Principle of an open, neutral Internet
- Internet providers do not use their privileged position to favour some applications and services over others
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Description
Learn about the basics of computer networks, including types of networks such as WAN, LAN, Intranet, VPN, and MAN. Understand how they are used to share resources.
