Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
What is the purpose of a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
- To distribute traffic better than a single server and protect from DDoS attacks (correct)
- To govern international domain registrations
- To translate human-usable domain names into IP addresses
- To provide infrastructure for app platforms
Registrars register top-level domains (TLDs).
Registrars register top-level domains (TLDs).
False (B)
What does ICANN govern?
What does ICANN govern?
Internationally, ICANN governs Registrars and Registries.
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-usable domain names into __________.
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-usable domain names into __________.
Match the following organizations with their roles:
Match the following organizations with their roles:
What connects end users to the Internet?
What connects end users to the Internet?
Cloudflare is a Recursive DNS provider.
Cloudflare is a Recursive DNS provider.
What is the primary purpose of authoritative DNS?
What is the primary purpose of authoritative DNS?
In a two-tier design and client-server model, what is the role of the client?
In a two-tier design and client-server model, what is the role of the client?
In a single-tier design, the terminal/thin client interacts with the user as directed by the server.
In a single-tier design, the terminal/thin client interacts with the user as directed by the server.
What is the primary purpose of FTP?
What is the primary purpose of FTP?
What is the primary category of websites that includes wikipedia.org?
What is the primary category of websites that includes wikipedia.org?
In Cloud Computing, remote server systems store, manage, and process data for __________.
In Cloud Computing, remote server systems store, manage, and process data for __________.
Match the following components with their descriptions:
Match the following components with their descriptions:
Google.com is the website with the highest monthly traffic.
Google.com is the website with the highest monthly traffic.
What is the name of the cloud-based collaboration tools used in Activity 1?
What is the name of the cloud-based collaboration tools used in Activity 1?
What is a characteristic of Cloud Computing?
What is a characteristic of Cloud Computing?
In a two-tier design, the client maintains its own file system.
In a two-tier design, the client maintains its own file system.
Cloud computing can be categorized into three main types: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and _______________ as a Service (SaaS).
Cloud computing can be categorized into three main types: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and _______________ as a Service (SaaS).
What is transferred between platforms in FTP?
What is transferred between platforms in FTP?
Which of the following websites can be considered a Social Media Network?
Which of the following websites can be considered a Social Media Network?
Match the following websites with their respective categories:
Match the following websites with their respective categories:
The Domain Name System (DNS) is used for content delivery.
The Domain Name System (DNS) is used for content delivery.
What is the estimated total number of visits per month per human?
What is the estimated total number of visits per month per human?
What is the primary purpose of a network?
What is the primary purpose of a network?
The Internet is a single network.
The Internet is a single network.
What does WAN stand for?
What does WAN stand for?
A _______ is a network of peer networks.
A _______ is a network of peer networks.
Match the following types of computer networks with their descriptions:
Match the following types of computer networks with their descriptions:
What is the primary benefit of open standards on the Internet?
What is the primary benefit of open standards on the Internet?
What is the name of the organization founded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in 1994?
What is the name of the organization founded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in 1994?
Net neutrality means that all packets are prioritized based on their content.
Net neutrality means that all packets are prioritized based on their content.
What is the principle of Net Neutrality?
What is the principle of Net Neutrality?
OSTEP and CIAIT are supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
OSTEP and CIAIT are supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
What is the main purpose of DevOps?
What is the main purpose of DevOps?
The AI/ML Fintech algo trading framework is used for _______________ purposes.
The AI/ML Fintech algo trading framework is used for _______________ purposes.
Match the following technologies with their descriptions:
Match the following technologies with their descriptions:
What is the primary purpose of a Data Lake?
What is the primary purpose of a Data Lake?
Cloudflare is a Content Delivery Network (CDN) provider.
Cloudflare is a Content Delivery Network (CDN) provider.
What is the main purpose of Super-Embedded Systems?
What is the main purpose of Super-Embedded Systems?
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Study Notes
Computer Networks
- A network is a set of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing resources.
- Types of computer networks:
- WAN (Wide Area Network): e.g. public Internet
- Intranet: inside a private network
- LAN (Local Area Network): high-speed network for an intranet
- VPN (Virtual Private Network): remote connection to a private intranet across a public network via IP tunnelling
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): e.g. TTC subway station WiFi
Success of the Internet
- Open Standards:
- TCP/IP, HTTP, HTML, WWW browser
- Sir Tim Berners-Lee (1990)
- Marc Andreessen (1993)
- W3C (1994)
- Open Source:
- GNU/Linux (1991)
- Apache Web Server (1995)
- World-wide networking:
- Glass fibre and telecom gold rush
- Affordable bandwidth: speed and capacity grow for the same cost
- Decentralized, cooperative infrastructure
- Growth by cooperation
- Innovation by competition
- Net Neutrality: all packets are created equal
Internet Infrastructure
- Tier 1/2 IXP (Internet Exchange Point)
- Tier 3 ISP (Internet Service Provider)
- IXP connected through the oceans
- Internet brought to you by:
- Browsers (Firefox, Chrome)
- Search engines (Startpage, DuckDuckGo, Google, Bing)
- Content creators
- App Platforms & Stacks (Facebook, Shopify, Wordpress, Drupal, LAMP, ASP.NET)
- Hosts (matrix, Amazon Web Services, WHC.ca, Rackspace)
- Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
- Transit Providers
- Reverse Proxy/CDN (Akamai, Cloudflare, AWS)
- Recursive DNS providers (CIRA, Quad9, OpenDNS)
- Authoritative & Root DNS (Dyn, Cloudflare)
- Registrars (e.g. Tucows)
- ICANN governs internationally
- Registries (cira.ca, Verisign) administer top-level domains (TLD)
Client-Server Model
- Two-Tier design:
- Server/Host: centralized processing, data storage, and communication
- Client: user-facing, interacts with Server
- Thick Client: advanced presentation, user data management, tells Server what to do
- Thin Client: interacts with Server, receives instructions from Server
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
- Client-Server application
- Client authenticates and connects to Server
- Client navigates directories, requests data, and receives/sends data
- FTP Server: interacts with local Operating System
- File System: attributes/metadata are not necessarily transferred between platforms
Cloud Computing
- Remote server systems store, manage, and process data for small local servers, PCs, mobile devices, and web apps
- Hosted infrastructure, development stacks, and applications
- On-demand resources rapidly provisioned and released
Cloud Organization
- Virtual Machines and Containers
- Seneca's Open Source Technology for Emerging Platforms (OSTEP) and Centre for Innovation in AI Technology (CIAIT)
- Hyperscale ARM servers, DevOps, Data Lake for smart buildings analytics, and more
Net Neutrality
- Principle of an open, neutral Internet
- Internet providers do not use their privileged position to favour some applications and services over others
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