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Questions and Answers
What type of address is unique to each device on a network?
What type of address is unique to each device on a network?
What is the purpose of a repeater in a network?
What is the purpose of a repeater in a network?
What is the primary function of a router?
What is the primary function of a router?
What is the characteristic of a Wide Area Network (WAN)?
What is the characteristic of a Wide Area Network (WAN)?
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What is the purpose of a switch in a network?
What is the purpose of a switch in a network?
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What is an Access Point (AP) in a network?
What is an Access Point (AP) in a network?
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What is the primary function of a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
What is the primary function of a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
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What is the characteristic of a Local Area Network (LAN)?
What is the characteristic of a Local Area Network (LAN)?
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Who owns the Internet?
Who owns the Internet?
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What is a characteristic of a Peer-to-Peer network?
What is a characteristic of a Peer-to-Peer network?
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What is the purpose of protocols in computer networks?
What is the purpose of protocols in computer networks?
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What is the OSI Reference Model used for?
What is the OSI Reference Model used for?
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What is TCP/IP?
What is TCP/IP?
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What is the main difference between TCP/IP and OSI models?
What is the main difference between TCP/IP and OSI models?
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What is the function of the Physical Layer in the OSI model?
What is the function of the Physical Layer in the OSI model?
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What is the next version of TCP/IP?
What is the next version of TCP/IP?
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Study Notes
Network Elements
- Hardware devices: Computers, Printers, Phones, Routers, and Switches
- Medium: Wired, Wireless, and Satellites
- Software: Messages, Protocols, and Information that travels over the medium
Network Interface Card (NIC)
- Enables devices to directly access the network
- Types: Internal NIC (plugs into the motherboard), External NIC (Wireless and USB-based)
- MAC address: Physical address, unique, and burned on the NIC card
- IP address: Logical address, identifies each device on an IP network layer
Communication Devices
- Hub: Allows different nodes to communicate with each other at the same network (slow)
- Repeater: Regenerates the signal over the same network before it becomes too weak or corrupted
- Access Point (AP): Allows Wi-Fi devices to connect to a wired network
- Switch: Allows different nodes to communicate with each other at the same network without slowing each other
- Router: Allows different networks to communicate with each other
Network Topology
- Refers to how devices are connected (shape) and how messages flow from one device to another
- Each topology has its own advantages and disadvantages
Network Types
- Local Area Networks (LAN): Connects computers in a small geographical area (e.g., school, university campus, or office building)
- Allows users to share files and services
- High-speed communication
- Under administrative control
- Wide Area Networks (WAN): Connects computers in a large geographical area (e.g., country)
- Can contain multiple smaller networks, such as LANs or MANs
- Very low speed
- Under ISP administrative control
- Example of WAN: Internet
Internet
- Defined as a global mesh of interconnected networks
- No one owns the Internet
- Many organizations, ISPs, companies, and governments own pieces of Internet infrastructure
- Organizations involved: ISOC, IETF, and ICANN
Network Architectures
- Peer-to-Peer Networks: No dedicated resources, easy to work with, and all nodes are equal
- Client/Server Networks: Some nodes (servers) are dedicated to providing services to other nodes (clients)
Protocols
- Why we need protocols: To communicate efficiently, enable data to flow, and control messages
- Examples: HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and RDP
- OSI Reference Model: Open Systems Interconnect, defined by ISO in 1983, provides universal concepts for developers
- TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, open standard protocol, cross-platform, and default protocol for modern operating systems
TCP/IP vs. OSI Model
- Some protocols in TCP/IP Suite: Network Access Layer, Physical Layer, and Datalink Layer
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of computer networks, including devices, mediums, software, and protocols. Test your knowledge of network elements and how they interact.
