26 Questions
What is the primary objective of computer networks?
To provide a platform for data communication
What is the function of the data link layer in the OSI model?
Error-free transfer of data frames
What type of transmission uses a single channel to transmit multiple signals?
Multiplexing transmission
What is the primary function of the transmission media in a network?
To transmit the signal
What is the purpose of the network interface card (NIC)?
To connect devices to a network
What is the primary advantage of packet-switching over circuit-switching?
Dynamic allocation of bandwidth
What is the primary function of a DSLAM in a digital subscriber line (DSL) access network?
To split the voice and data signals
What is the typical transmission rate of a wireless local area network (WLAN) using 802.11b/g/n?
11, 54, 450 Mbps
What is the purpose of a router in an enterprise network?
To connect to the Internet
What type of network connects end systems to a router via a base station?
Wireless access network
What is the primary function of a modem in a digital subscriber line (DSL) access network?
To transmit data over a dedicated line
What is the typical transmission rate of a digital subscriber line (DSL) access network?
24-52 Mbps downstream, 3.5-16 Mbps upstream
What is the primary function of a NAT in a home network?
To translate public IP addresses to private IP addresses
What type of network is typically used in a company or university setting?
Enterprise network
What is the primary function of an access point in a wireless local area network (WLAN)?
To connect wireless devices to the network
What type of network connects a device to a central office via a telephone line?
Digital subscriber line (DSL) access network
What is the primary function of the network edge?
To provide a way for servers to communicate with clients
What type of networks are typically found in data centers?
Server networks
What is the primary function of the network core?
To act as a network of interconnected routers
What is an example of an access network?
All of the above
What is the primary function of a server in a network?
To provide a way for clients to access resources and services
What type of communication links are used in access networks?
Wired and wireless
What is the purpose of a router in the network core?
To forward packets between networks
What is an example of a physical media used in access networks?
Wired link
What is the primary function of an edge router?
To connect end systems to the network edge
What is the term for the connection between an end system and an edge router?
Last mile
Study Notes
Introduction to Computer Networks
- Computer networks: connect devices to share resources and exchange data
- Objectives: provide communication, share resources, and improve productivity
- Network criteria: performance, reliability, and security
Data Communication
- Definition: exchange of data between devices
- Components: sender, receiver, transmission medium, and protocol
- Data Communication Model: sender, encoder, transmitter, channel, receiver, decoder
Transmission Media
- Guided Transmission Media: twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable
- Unguided Transmission Media: wireless (radio, microwave, infrared)
Transmission Modes
- Simplex: one-way communication
- Half-duplex: two-way communication, but not simultaneously
- Full-duplex: two-way communication, simultaneously
Network Topologies
- Physical topology: describes physical layout
- Logical topology: describes data flow
Network Categories
- LAN (Local Area Network): connects devices in a limited area
- WAN (Wide Area Network): connects devices over a larger area
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): connects devices in a metropolitan area
Network Models
- OSI (Open System Interconnection) Model: 7 layers for data communication
- Layered tasks: each layer has a specific function
Data Transmission
- Analog and digital data transmission
- Data transmission impairments: attenuation, noise, distortion
Data Encoding
- Signaling: conversion of data into signal
- Encoding and modulation techniques: digital data-digital signal, analog data-digital signal, digital data-analog signal, and analog data-analog signal
Data Communications Interface
- Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission
- Line Configuration: point-to-point, point-to-multipoint
- Transmission modes: simple, half-duplex, full-duplex
- Interfacing: physical and logical interfaces
Data Link Control
- Flow control: regulates data transmission rate
- Error control: detects and corrects errors
- Error detection: checks for errors
- Error correction: corrects errors
- Forward error correction: detects and corrects errors
Multiplexing
- Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM): divides bandwidth into frequency bands
- Time Division Multiplexing (TDM): divides bandwidth into time slots
Switching Techniques
- Circuit-Switching: dedicated communication path
- Packet-Switching: packet-based communication
Network Structure
- Network Edge: hosts (clients and servers) and servers in data centers
- Access Networks: connect end systems to edge router
- Network Core: interconnected routers, network of networks
Access Networks
- Residential Access Networks: connects homes to Internet
- Institutional Access Networks: connects schools, companies to Internet
- Mobile Access Networks: connects devices to Internet via WiFi, 4G/5G
- Digital Subscriber Line (DSL): uses existing telephone line for data transmission
- Home Networks: combines wireless and wired devices
Wireless Access Networks
- Shared wireless access network connects end system to router
- Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs): connects devices within building
- Wide-area Cellular Access Networks: provides Internet access via mobile networks
Test your understanding of computer networks, data communication, and networking models. This quiz covers the basics of data communication, transmission media, transmission modes, and network models including OSI layers.
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