Computer Networking: Ethernet and Frames

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a MAC address table in an Ethernet switch?

To map active ports to their corresponding MAC addresses (correct)

To record the amount of data transmitted by each device

To store the IP addresses of connected devices

To list the operating systems of connected hosts

How many bits long is an IPv4 address?

32 bits (correct)

24 bits

64 bits

16 bits

What happens when two or more messages are sent simultaneously through an Ethernet hub?

A data collision occurs (correct)

The messages are prioritized

The messages are sent one after the other

The hub retransmits all messages

What defines the network portion of an IPv4 address?

The part of an address that identifies the local network segment Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a subnet mask in an IPv4 address?

To identify the network and host portions of the address Signup and view all the answers

Which device is now considered obsolete in Ethernet networking?

Ethernet hub Signup and view all the answers

What type of addressing does an IPv4 address use for identifying hosts?

Hierarchical addressing Signup and view all the answers

What method does a switch use to learn about new hosts on the network?

By examining the source MAC address of frames Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of using an Ethernet switch over an Ethernet hub?

Prevents data collisions and improves performance Signup and view all the answers

In the IPv4 address 192.168.5.11 that has subnet address 255.255.255.0, which part indicates the host within its network?

11 Signup and view all the answers

What does encapsulation in networking refer to?

Placing a message format inside another message format Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the OSI Model does the Ethernet protocol operate at?

Data link layer Signup and view all the answers

Which part of an Ethernet frame is responsible for detecting transmission errors?

Frame check sequence Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the process of de-encapsulation?

The data is removed from its encapsulating format Signup and view all the answers

Which component of an Ethernet frame specifies the addresses of both source and destination?

Header Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of messages that are not correctly formatted in Ethernet communications?

They are not successfully delivered or processed Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of network communication is defined by Ethernet protocol standards?

Frame timing and encoding Signup and view all the answers

What role does the access layer play in a network?

Provide access to hosts and shared resources Signup and view all the answers

Which part of an Ethernet frame is included to assist in sequencing and timing?

Preamble Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ethernet LAN

Ethernet is a technology commonly used in local area networks (LANs).
Devices access the Ethernet LAN using an Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC).
Each Ethernet NIC has a unique Media Access Control (MAC) address permanently embedded on the card.
MAC addresses are fields within an Ethernet frame, indicating both the source and destination.

Encapsulation and Frames

Encapsulation is the process of placing one message format within another. It's similar to putting a letter inside an envelope.
A message sent over a computer network follows specific format rules to ensure delivery and processing.
Computer messages are encapsulated in a specific format called a frame before being sent over the network.
The Ethernet protocol operates at the Data Link layer of the OSI Model.
The frame structure for Ethernet specifies locations for MAC addresses, preamble, start of frame delimiter, length and type of frame, and frame check sequence.
Messages not formatted correctly fail to be delivered or processed.

Ethernet Hubs and Switches

The Access Layer is the part of a network where hosts connect to shared files and printers.
Ethernet hubs connect hosts to the wired network, but only allow one message at a time.
Hubs are considered obsolete due to the risk of collisions and performance limitations.
Ethernet switches are devices used at Layer 2 of the OSI model.
Switches create temporary connections (circuits) between source and destination ports based on MAC addresses.
Switches improve network performance by eliminating collisions and allowing simultaneous sending and receiving frames.
A switch builds a MAC address table that dynamically updates as new hosts connect or communicate.

IPv4 Addresses

To participate on the internet, a host needs an IPv4 address.
IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long.
IPv4 addresses are hierarchical and contain two parts: the network and the host.
Each host has a unique IPv4 address within the LAN and the internet.
The subnet mask differentiates logical networks within a physical network.
Hosts with the same network portion of their IPv4 address can communicate, but those with different networks cannot without routing.
Routers learn how to reach networks rather than individual hosts.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamentals of Ethernet LAN technology and the encapsulation process in computer networking. Learn about Ethernet NICs, MAC addresses, and the structure of Ethernet frames. Understand how data is organized and transmitted over local area networks.