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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of a computer network?
Which of the following best defines a network node?
What does the term 'protocol' refer to in computer networking?
In networking, what does an IP address do?
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Which of these topologies describes a network with a central hub or switch to which all nodes are directly connected?
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What characterizes service provider networks?
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Which of the following is NOT a common type of network topology?
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What is a primary role of protocols like TCP/IP and HTTP?
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What is the primary function of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
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Which type of network covers a small geographic area, such as a home or office?
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Which architecture allows each device to function both as a client and a server without a central server?
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What is the role of a firewall within a computer network?
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What defines a closed system in networking?
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Which of the following best describes a Wide Area Network (WAN)?
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What is the primary difference between Client-Server Architecture and Peer-to-Peer Architecture?
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What does a cloud network primarily consist of?
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Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for reliable data delivery?
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What is the primary function of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
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Which protocol is specifically designed for securely transmitting web pages?
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Which of the following best describes the function of the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)?
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In which OSI layer does the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) primarily operate?
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Which protocol is responsible for automatically assigning IP addresses within a network?
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Which network topology consists of all devices connected to a single central cable?
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Which OSI layer is responsible for data formatting and presentation?
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What command should you enter in the command prompt to display the MAC address of your device?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding IP addresses?
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What is the range of ports categorized as Ephemeral?
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Which component of the network serves to translate domain names into IP addresses?
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What does a socket represent in networking?
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How long is a MAC address?
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What is the initial range of Well Known Ports?
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Which command lists all the ports currently being used on a Windows machine?
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Study Notes
Computer Networking: The Basics
- Computer networks: Groups of interconnected devices sharing resources and information. Examples include computers, servers, printers.
- Network nodes: Devices connected to a network. Examples include computers, printers, routers, switches.
- Network links: Connections between nodes. Examples include cables, wireless signals.
- IP Address: A unique numerical identifier assigned to every device on a network, enabling communication.
- Protocols: Sets of rules and standards governing how data is transmitted over a network. Examples include TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP.
- Network topology: The physical and logical arrangement of nodes on a network. Common topologies include bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree.
- Network service providers: Organizations that provide network access and functionality for a fee. Examples include wireless providers, data carriers.
- Domain Name System (DNS): Translates human-readable domain names (like www.google.com) into IP addresses.
Types of Networks
- LAN (Local Area Network): Covers a small area, like an office or home.
- WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers a large geographic area, like a city, country, or the world. Connects LANs together.
- Cloud Networks: Rely on public or private cloud service providers, offering virtual routers, firewalls, and other components.
Network Architecture
- Client-Server Architecture: A central server manages resources and services for client devices.
- Peer-to-Peer Architecture: Devices operate as both clients and servers, sharing resources directly.
Network Devices
- Routers: Route data packets between networks.
- Switches: Forward data packets within a network.
- Hubs: Simpler devices that broadcast data to all connected devices.
- Bridges: Connect two network segments, filtering traffic based on destination.
Network Topology
- Bus: All devices share a single communication channel.
- Star: All devices connect to a central hub.
- Mesh: Devices connect to multiple other devices, providing redundancy.
- Ring: Devices connect in a closed loop, with data traveling in one direction.
OSI Model
- A seven-layer model defining standardized communication protocols.
- Physical Layer: Transmits raw data over a physical medium.
- Data Link Layer: Manages error detection and control on a physical link.
- Network Layer: Routes data packets between networks.
- Transport Layer: Provides reliable data transmission between applications.
- Session Layer: Establishes and manages communication sessions.
- Presentation Layer: Handles data format and presentation.
- Application Layer: Provides user-level services, such as email and file transfer.
Network Protocols
-
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The foundational protocol suite for the internet.
- TCP: Ensures reliable and ordered delivery of data.
- IP: Routes data packets based on IP addresses.
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Transmits web pages.
- HTTPS (Secure HTTP): Uses encryption for secured web communication.
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Sends email.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Transfers files between computers.
- DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): Automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.
Network Identifiers
- Hostname: A unique name assigned to each device.
-
IP Address (Internet Protocol Address): A unique numerical identifier for each device on the internet.
- IPv4: 32-bit address format.
- IPv6: 128-bit address format.
- MAC Address (Media Access Control Address): A unique identifier for a network interface card (NIC).
-
Ports: A logical channel through which data is sent/received to an application.
- Well-known ports: Designated for specific services (e.g., port 80 for HTTP).
- Registered ports: Used for common applications.
- Ephemeral ports: Dynamically assigned to applications.
- Socket: A unique combination of IP address and port number.
DNS (Domain Name System)
- DNS Server: Translates domain names (e.g., www.google.com) into IP addresses.
Other Related Concepts
- Open System: Connects to a network and can communicate.
- Closed System: Not connected to a network and cannot communicate.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of computer networking in this quiz. From understanding network nodes and links to protocols and topologies, you'll gain a comprehensive insight into how devices communicate and share resources. Test your knowledge on IP addresses and the role of network service providers too!
