14 Questions
What is the purpose of the SMTP protocol?
To send messages between mail servers or email clients
Which mail protocol is used to download messages on the hard disk and keep the user's quota on the server?
POP3
What is the main aim of the Internet of Things (IOT)?
To connect all devices to the existing internet infrastructure
What is the function of a Mail Server?
To store and manage email messages
What is the protocol used by Microsoft for remote connections to other computers?
RDP
Which of the following is NOT a practical application of IOT?
Email management
What is the primary function of the Transport Layer in the OSI model?
To assign and control port numbers
Which of the following port number ranges is assigned and controlled by ICANN?
0 to 1,023
What is the primary purpose of the Application Layer in the OSI model?
To communicate between processes or applications
What is the protocol used for transmitting web pages to the client?
HTTP
What is the purpose of DNS (Domain Name Servers)?
To translate human-readable names into IP addresses
What is the purpose of FTP (File Transfer Protocol)?
To provide reliable data transfer between hosts
What is the protocol used for accessing remote computers?
Telnet/SSH
What is the purpose of a URL?
To identify the location of a resource on a network
Study Notes
Transport Layer
- Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are protocols used in the Transport Layer.
Transport Layer Addressing (Port Numbers)
- Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) controls port numbers.
- Well-Known ports: ranges from 0 to 1,023 and are assigned and controlled by ICANN.
- Registered ports: ranges from 1,024 to 49,151, are not assigned or controlled by ICANN, but can be registered to avoid duplication.
- Dynamic ports: ranges from 49,152 to 65,535, are neither controlled nor registered.
Application Layer
- Communication between processes or applications occurs in the Application Layer.
- Examples of internet services:
- World Wide Web: HTTP
- Naming Service: DNS
- File Transfer: FTP
- Telnet Service
- Electronic Mail service: IMAP, POP3, SMTP
URL (Universal Resource Locator)
- Consists of Protocol (HTTP, HTTPS, or FTP), Host (domain name of the computer), Port (optional), and Path (pathname of the file).
HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
- Supports the delivery of web pages to the client.
DNS (Domain Name Servers)
- Translates human-readable names into IP addresses.
- Process of getting a website:
- Check the cache
- Check the hosts file
- Ask DNS server
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
- Provides reliable data transfer between hosts.
- FTP Clients:
- Internet Browser
- MS Windows built-in FTP client
- Third-party programs (e.g., Cute FTP)
Telnet/SSH or RDP
- Telnet/SSH is a user command and an underlying TCP/IP protocol for accessing remote computers.
- Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a Microsoft proprietary protocol for remote connections to other computers.
Mail Server and Clients
- Mail Clients:
- Web-based: Hotmail, Gmail
- Non-web-based: Microsoft Outlook
- Mail Protocols:
- SMTP (send mail transfer Protocol)
- POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3)
- IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol version 4)
Internet of Things (IOT)
- Aims to connect devices to the existing internet infrastructure, enabling "things" to sense and collect data and send it to the internet.
- Examples of devices: coffee maker, air conditioner, washing machine, ceiling fan, lights, etc.
- Practical applications:
- Smart Homes
- Smart Cities
- Energy
- Environment monitoring
- Healthcare management
Learn about remote access protocols, mail servers and clients, and email protocols such as SMTP and POP3. Understand how administrators can access computers remotely using Telnet/SSH and RDP.
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