Computer Memory Types and Hierarchy

Study Notes

Computer Memory

Types of RAM

SRAM (Static RAM):
- Stores data in a flip-flop circuit
- Faster and more expensive than DRAM
- Typically used as cache memory
DRAM (Dynamic RAM):
- Stores data in capacitors
- Slower and less expensive than SRAM
- Widely used in computers and other devices
FRAM (Ferroelectric RAM):
- Uses a ferroelectric material to store data
- Non-volatile, fast, and low power consumption
- Used in specialized applications
SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic RAM):
- A type of DRAM synchronized with the CPU clock
- Faster than traditional DRAM
- Widely used in computers and other devices

ROM Types

Mask ROM:
- Data is programmed during manufacturing
- Permanent and cannot be changed
- Used in devices where data is not expected to change
PROM (Programmable ROM):
- Data can be written once, but not erased
- Used in devices where data needs to be written once
EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM):
- Data can be erased using ultraviolet light
- Used in devices where data needs to be updated occasionally
EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM):
- Data can be erased and written electronically
- Used in devices where data needs to be updated frequently

Memory Hierarchy

Level 1 Cache (L1 Cache):
- A small, fast cache built into the CPU
- Stores frequently used data and instructions
Level 2 Cache (L2 Cache):
- A larger, slower cache outside the CPU
- Stores less frequently used data and instructions
Main Memory (RAM):
- The primary storage for data and programs
- Slower and larger than cache memory
Secondary Storage (Hard Drive, SSD, etc.):
- Non-volatile storage for data and programs
- Slower and larger than main memory

Description

This quiz covers the different types of RAM, including SRAM, DRAM, FRAM, and SDRAM, as well as ROM types like Mask ROM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM. It also explains the memory hierarchy, including Level 1 Cache, Level 2 Cache, Main Memory, and Secondary Storage.