Computer Hardware Components

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a motherboard?

To supply power to the CPU

To store data temporarily

To cool down the system

To connect and support all the components of a PC (correct)

What determines the type of voltage a motherboard supports?

The type of RAM

The type of processor chosen (correct)

The type of hard drive

The type of power supply

Why are different formats of motherboards available?

To allow for easy installation and better airflow (correct)

To support different types of storage devices

To support different types of processors

To support different types of RAM

What is the purpose of a battery or accumulator on a motherboard?

To keep the BIOS settings active even when the power is off Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic that motherboards have in common?

They all have a specific format and frequency Signup and view all the answers

Why was the voltage of processors changed from 5V to 3.3V?

To reduce heat generation and save energy Signup and view all the answers

How should a motherboard be installed in a case?

Mounted securely to the case, but not touching metal parts Signup and view all the answers

What type of battery is used in newer motherboards?

Lithium plate battery Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of the module?

To identify and define the functions of different computer components Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an instruction?

A command or instruction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the physical components of a computer system?

Hardware Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the programs and operating systems that run on a computer?

Software Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Lesson 1?

The different components of a computer and their functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a memory device?

To store and retrieve information Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for memory storage?

Bit Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the global network of interconnected computers?

Internet Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the digital representation of information?

Data Signup and view all the answers

What are the three organs that make up a memory device?

Cellules de mémoires, organs d'accès, and organs de lecture et d'écriture Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the model that considers the central memory as a basic component?

Van Neumann model Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of Humans continuously progressing and evolving?

Progress Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the type of memory that allows data to be written and read?

RAM Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of volatile memory?

It loses data when power is off Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of organes d'accès in a memory device?

To select cells for access Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the type of memory that is non-volatile?

ROM Signup and view all the answers

What is the time required by a hard disk to retrieve and provide information?

10-15 milliseconds Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for the transfer rate of a hard disk?

Megabytes per second Signup and view all the answers

Which type of interface is commonly used by peripherals such as scanners and printers?

SCSI Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using external hard disks?

They can be transferred to another PC Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical storage capacity of a CD-ROM?

Between 600 MB and 800 MB Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a CD-ROM burner?

To write data to a CD-ROM Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a CD-ROM?

It is a read-only memory Signup and view all the answers

What is required to use a CD-ROM?

A CD-ROM drive Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of Unicode over ASCII?

It proposes a unified version of different character encodings Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the mode ASCII in transmission?

To transmit text files Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a wrong choice is made in the transmission mode?

The file becomes corrupted Signup and view all the answers

In what mode are some transmissions performed?

Hexadecimal mode Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the mode Binaire in transmission?

To transmit executable files Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of characters used in hexadecimal mode?

The first 128 characters Signup and view all the answers

How is the transmission mode usually determined?

Automatically by the transmission software Signup and view all the answers

What is the extension of the UTF8 encoding?

An extension of ASCII Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Structure Machine

Objectif Pédagogique

At the end of the course, the student should be able to identify the different components of a computer and define the function of each.

Lesson 1: Different Components of a Computer and Defining their Function

A computer system consists of hardware and software.
Hardware components:
- Motherboard (mainboard)
- Power supply (AT, ATX, NLX formats)
- Hard disk drive (HDD)
- CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory)
- External hard disk drives
Software components:
- Operating system
- Application software

Motherboard (Mainboard)

Acts as a link between all components of the PC
Determines the type of other components
Characterized by:
- Format (AT, ATX, NLX)
- Frequency (must support the processor's frequency)
- Voltage (dependent on the processor's voltage)
- Battery or accumulator (for BIOS)

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Characterized by:
- Access time (average 10-15 ms)
- Transfer rate (dependent on the controller)
- Controller (IDE, SCSI)
Types:
- Internal HDD
- External HDD (amovable and transferable)

CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory)

Used for storing large amounts of data (600-800 MB)
Offers similar performance to HDD
Used for storing images, sounds, and videos

Data Transmission

Modes:
- ASCII (text files)
- Binary (executable files, images, sounds)
- Hexadecimal (transmitting binary files in ASCII mode)
Importance of choosing the correct transmission mode

Memory

Definition: a device capable of storing information and retrieving it at any time
Components:
- Memory cells (store information in binary form)
- Access organs (select memory cells)
- Read and write organs
Types:
- Volatile (RAM, loses data when power is off)
- Non-volatile (ROM, retains data when power is off)
Classification:
- Primary memory (RAM, ROM)
- Secondary memory (HDD, CD-ROM)

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Characterized by:
- Capacité (amount of data it can store)
- Volatility (loses data when power is off)
- Access time (average 10-15 ns)
Types:
- SRAM (Static RAM, faster and more expensive)
- DRAM (Dynamic RAM, slower and less expensive)

ROM (Read Only Memory)

Characterized by:
- Non-volatility (retains data when power is off)
- Permanence (data is permanent and cannot be changed)
Types:
- PROM (Programmable ROM, can be programmed once)
- EPROM (Erasable PROM, can be erased and reprogrammed)
- EEPROM (Electrically Erasable PROM, can be erased and reprogrammed electronically)

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Description

Learn about the different parts of a computer system, their functions, and how they work together. This module covers the basics of computer hardware and digital information.