1100 Ch02: Computer Assembly Hardware Basics

Motherboard and Components Selection

• Motherboard form factor must match compatible computer case and power supply.
• Example: An ATX motherboard requires both ATX-compatible case and power supply.
• Bigger cases offer potential for future expansion; smaller cases save space.
• Ideal computer cases should be durable, serviceable, and provide room for expansion.

Power Supply Considerations

• Check pre-installed power supply in cases for adequate wattage.
• Essential for supplying sufficient power for all installed components.

Cooling Solutions

• Internal components generate heat; case fans are critical for airflow management.
• Proper fan installation must ensure cool air enters and hot air exits effectively.
• Fan size factors include:
  • Common sizes: 120mm, 140mm, and 200mm.
  • Airflow rating (CFM) is crucial for cooling efficiency.
  • Noise levels (dBA) should be minimized for quieter operation.
  • Aesthetics, such as RGB lighting, can enhance visual appeal.
  • Budget considerations to maximize value.

Power Supply Unit (PSU) Selection

• Wattage must meet total power consumption needs with headroom for stability and upgrades.
• High efficiency ratings important (80 PLUS Bronze to Titanium for energy efficiency).

Processor Speed and Architecture

• Modern processors' speed measured in GHz; maximum speed indicates functioning limit.
• Speed limitations arise from:
  • Transmission Delay: Data transmission through transistors experiences delays.
  • Heat Generation: Increased processor speed generates more heat, leading to potential errors.

Front-Side Bus (FSB)

• FSB connects CPU to Northbridge, facilitating data transfer between components.
• Frequency of the FSB measured in MHz; affects overall CPU operating frequency.

Processor Types

• Processors classified as 32-bit or 64-bit, with 64-bit handling more instructions and supporting more memory.
• Operating systems and applications must support 64-bit to utilize its full capabilities.

RAM Compatibility and Selection

• Choose RAM matching the motherboard; dual channel configurations enhance performance.
• Memory categorized as:
  • Unbuffered: Faster, regular memory for most computers.
  • Buffered: Used for servers, incorporating a control chip for managing large RAM amounts.

Internal Storage Devices

• Failing storage device signs include odd noises, vibrations, error messages, or data corruption.
• Internal drives typically connect via SATA; external drives use USB or Thunderbolt.
• Common HDD sizes: 3.5 inches (internal), 2.5 inches (SSDs).

Expansion Cards

• Often referred to as adapter cards, add specific functionalities or replace faulty onboard functions.
• NICs enhance wireless capabilities or bandwidth.
• Capture cards enable video recording and need appropriate processing power and storage.

Expansion Slots

• Adapter cards fit into PCI (older cards) and PCI Express (PCIe) slots.
• PCIe slots come in various lengths, providing different speeds and compatibility.

Media Card Formats

• Various media card formats include SD, microSD, MiniSD, and CompactFlash for storage in digital devices.
• SD cards can hold up to 2 TB; compact formats are suitable for smaller devices.

Building a Computer

• Ensure motherboard supports required components (CPU, RAM, etc.) and architectures (Intel LGA or AMD PGA).
• Install cooling solutions and components like heat sinks and RAM modules correctly.
• Multiple types of storage solutions (HDDs, SSDs) need careful selection based on needs.
• Final assembly requires installation of adapter cards and proper connections to ensure functionality.

This quiz explores the importance of matching motherboards with the appropriate case and power supply. Learn how the motherboard form factor influences your choices in computer cases and power supplies, and understand the implications for future expansions.