Computer Hardware Basics

Processors

• Multi-core processor, quad-core processor, and dual-core processor are types of processors.
• There is no such thing as a "primary-core processor".

CPU

• The clock speed of CPU is measured in Giga Hertz.

System Software

• System software is designed to control the operations of a computer.

Motherboard

• The motherboard is the main circuit board of the system unit.

Hardware

• Printer, Scanner, and Monitor are examples of hardware.
• Interpreter is not an example of hardware.

Programming Languages

• Machine language is a computer language that is written in binary codes only.
• A Source Program is the program written by the programmer in high-level language.
• An Assembler is used as a translator for low-level language.

Flowcharts

• A diamond-shaped box in a flowchart is used to denote a decision.

System Development

• SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle.

Computer Types

• A desktop computer is also known as a PC.

Data Processing

• The basic goal of computer processing is to convert data into information.
• The process of carrying out commands is called Executing.

Networks

• Servers are computers that provide resources to other computers connected to a network.

Data Measurement

• The smallest unit of data in a computer is a Bit.
• 1 GB (Gigabyte) is equal to 1024 MB (Megabytes).
• 1 MB is equal to 1024 KB (Kilobytes).

Memory

• SRAM is used in cache memory.
• ROM types include PROM and EPROM.

Processor Components

• The Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) is the 'heart' of the processor, performing many different operations.
• The Control Unit directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.

Computer Components

• Projectors are an example of an Output device.
• The physical parts of a computer are referred to as Hardware.

Ram

• RAM (Random Access Memory) is memory that can be both read and written.

Storage Devices

• Hard disk drives, floppy disk drives, and CD drives are all examples of storage devices.
• Printers are not an example of a storage device.

Computer Types

• Supercomputers are the most powerful type of computer, performing complex calculations extremely rapidly.

Software

• Application Software is designed to perform a specific task.
• OSS stands for Open Source Software.
• A Programmer is a person who designs the programs in a software package.

Data Processing

• Data is the raw material used as input, and Information is the processed data obtained as output.

System Software

• System software includes BIOS software, Unix, and Linux.
• Microsoft Word is an example of Application Software, not System Software.

Mainframes

• A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously.

Coding Systems

• ASCII code is an international coding system for text-based data that uses an 8-bit pattern.

Software Applications

• Powerpoint software allows users to create visual aids for presentations.

Memory Measurement

• The size of memory is measured in units such as Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, and Terabyte.