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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the computer's hardware?

  • To process information and execute instructions. (correct)
  • To provide a platform for communication networks.
  • To store and retrieve data.
  • To manage software and provide a user interface.

If a computer user needs to store a large amount of data permanently, which type of storage is the best choice?

  • Primary memory
  • RAM
  • Secondary storage devices (correct)
  • Cache memory

Which of the following characteristics of computers is NOT a direct result of its ability to process data quickly?

  • Versatility
  • Diligence
  • Storage capability (correct)
  • Accuracy

Which of the following best describes the relationship between computer hardware and software?

<p>Hardware provides the platform for software to operate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between RAM and ROM?

<p>RAM is temporary storage for active programs, while ROM stores permanent system instructions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

With the advent of microcomputers, how did the concept of peripheral devices evolve?

<p>Microcomputers led to the development of smaller, more specialized peripheral devices. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate statement regarding the accuracy of computers?

<p>Computer accuracy is limited by the precision of the data input. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of computers allows them to perform a variety of tasks with equal ease?

<p>Versatility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common example of the use of computers in everyday life?

<p>Generating personalized product recommendations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of an operating system in a computer?

<p>To manage hardware resources and provide a platform for running applications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, which of these statements is TRUE regarding the difference between RAM and ROM?

<p>RAM is volatile, meaning that its contents are lost when the power is turned off, while ROM is non-volatile, meaning its contents are retained even when the power is off. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory is most suitable for storing an operating system?

<p>Hard Drive, as it provides fast access to large amounts of data and is non-volatile. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement BEST describes the relationship between RAM and a hard drive?

<p>RAM is used for temporary data storage, acting as a fast buffer for data frequently accessed from the slower, permanent storage of a hard drive. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided text, what is the fundamental difference between a hard drive and an optical disc?

<p>A hard drive is a mechanical device with moving parts while an optical disc uses laser light for data reading and writing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, why would using ROM be less suitable for storing program instructions that require frequent updates?

<p>ROM is non-volatile, making it impossible to modify data once it is written. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a characteristic of RAM that makes it suitable for temporary storage?

<p>RAM is volatile, meaning its contents are lost when the power is turned off. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement BEST describes the role of secondary memory?

<p>Secondary memory stores data permanently, even when the computer is turned off. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, which of the following is NOT a form of secondary memory?

<p>RAM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of hard drives over optical discs, as described in the text?

<p>Hard drives are faster and offer higher storage capacity than optical discs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The major technological innovation that made the first generation of computers possible was the use of:

<p>Stored Program Concept (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of first-generation computers?

<p>They used magnetic core memory. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following computers were part of the second generation of computers, utilizing transistors?

<p>UNIVAC 1107, IBM 7030, IBM 7090 series (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were first-generation computers significantly larger and more expensive than their second-generation counterparts?

<p>They used less efficient vacuum tubes that required more space and power. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the use of machine language in first-generation computers?

<p>Machine language was easier for computers to interpret, but harder for humans to write and understand. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The transition from vacuum tubes to transistors in the second generation led to which of the following advancements?

<p>Smaller and faster computers with less heat generation and lower maintenance costs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant limitation of first-generation computers that was overcome by the second generation?

<p>Their susceptibility to overheating and malfunctioning, leading to frequent downtime and maintenance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of printer is known for its speed, versatility, and ability to print graphics, spreadsheet charts, and different types of fonts?

<p>Dot Matrix Printer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following printer types is capable of producing letter quality (LQ) output using a thimble-shaped printing element?

<p>Daisywheel Printer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in a computer?

<p>Performing calculations and logic operations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a peripheral input device?

<p>Printer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between a Dot Matrix Printer and a Laser Jet Printer in terms of printing quality?

<p>Dot Matrix Printers produce lower-quality images while Laser Jet Printers produce high-quality images. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant development in the fourth generation ushered in applications like word processing and desktop publishing?

<p>The development of microprocessors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the fifth generation of computers from previous generations?

<p>The emphasis on data-driven computing and artificial intelligence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which generation of computers is characterized by an architecture based on neural networks?

<p>Sixth generation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of digital computers as discussed in the content?

<p>Representing data using discrete 'on' and 'off' states of electricity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples is likely to be associated with the fifth generation of computers?

<p>A robotic arm used in a factory for assembly tasks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the difficulty in strictly classifying computers based on technological innovations beyond the fourth generation?

<p>Constant and rapid advancement in technology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role expected from artificial intelligence in the fifth generation of computers?

<p>Assisting in software development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary characteristic of the fifth generation of computers?

<p>Use of Very Large Integrated Circuits (VLSI) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Classification of Computers

Grouping computers based on technology, data, purpose, or speed.

First Generation Computers

Computers from the mid-1940s to 1950s using vacuum tubes.

Stored Program Concept

The principle allowing computers to store instructions in memory.

Characteristics of First Generation

Large size, high electricity use, expensive maintenance, magnetic drum memory, machine language programming.

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Second Generation Computers

Computers from late 1950s to mid-1960s using transistors instead of vacuum tubes.

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Transistor

A solid-state device replacing vacuum tubes, enabling faster processing.

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Characteristics of Second Generation

Faster processing, smaller size, replacing vacuum tubes with transistors.

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Fourth Generation Computers

Computers that use microprocessors and support application software such as word processing.

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Microprocessor

A small processor that leads to the development of microcomputers.

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Characteristics of Fourth Generation

Includes faster processing, high-level programming, and various software applications.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Technology that enables machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.

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Fifth Generation Computers

Computers characterized by large integrated circuits and AI software.

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Very Large Integrated Circuit (VLSI)

Technology using thousands of transistors on a single chip for processing.

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Sixth Generation Computers

Computers based on neural networks, emerging in the late 1990s.

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Digital Computers

Computers that process data using discrete values corresponding to on/off states.

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Hybrid Computers

Computers that combine features of digital and analog computers.

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Peripheral Devices

Devices attached to a computer for input, output, or storage tasks.

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Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU)

A component that performs calculations and logic operations in a computer.

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Types of Printers

Different printers are categorized by their printing technology: DMP, DP, LP.

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Dot Matrix Printer (DMP)

An economical printer using a grid of dots to create images and text.

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Laser Jet Printer (LP)

High-quality printer that uses laser technology for sharp prints.

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RAM

Random Access Memory; volatile storage used for temporary data.

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ROM

Read Only Memory; permanent storage that cannot be modified.

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Volatile Memory

Memory that loses data when power is off, like RAM.

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Non-volatile Memory

Memory that retains data even when powered off, like ROM.

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Hard Drive

Storage device that retains data and allows quick access using magnetism.

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Optical Disk

Storage media that uses laser technology to read/write data, like CDs and DVDs.

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CD Capacity

Compact Discs can store up to 700 MB of data.

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DVD Capacity

Digital Versatile Discs can store up to 8.4 GB of data.

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Blu-ray Capacity

Blu-ray discs can store up to 50 GB of data, the largest of the optical media.

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Primary vs Secondary Memory

Primary memory (RAM, ROM) is for temporary use; Secondary memory (Hard Drive, CD, DVD) is for permanent storage.

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Speed of Computers

Computers can process data at millions of instructions per second.

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Accuracy of Computers

Computers provide a high degree of accuracy in calculations.

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Diligence of Computers

Computers perform tasks consistently without fatigue over long periods.

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Storage Capability

Computers can store large volumes of data, both temporarily and permanently.

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Versatility of Computers

Computers can perform a variety of tasks easily and efficiently.

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Hardware Components

The physical elements that make up a computer system.

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Software Components

The instructions and programs that run on the hardware.

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Primary Memory

Temporary storage of data that is quickly accessible.

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Secondary Storage

Permanent storage devices for large amounts of data.

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Study Notes

Course Information

  • Course Title: Introduction to Computing
  • Course Code: COS 101
  • Credit Unit: 3

Table of Contents

  • Module 1: Introduction to Computing
    • Basic Concepts
    • Brief History of Computing
    • Classification based on technology innovation
    • Classification based on Method of data representation
    • Classification based on purpose
  • Module 2: Computer Components
    • Hardware:
      • Difference between RAM and ROM
      • Diagram illustrating the major components of a computer
      • Peripheral devices
    • Software:
      • Computer Software
      • Operating Systems
  • Module 3: Application of Computers
    • Computer applications in Education
    • Computer applications in Entertainment
    • Computer applications in Sports
    • Computer applications in Advertisement
    • Computer applications in Medicine
    • Computer applications in Science and Engineering
    • Computer applications in Government
    • Photo editing software
  • Additional Topics
    • Definition of Computer Science
    • Classification of Computers
      • Based on Technological innovation
      • Based on Method of data presentation
      • Based on Processing power

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COS 101 Modules 1-3 (KWASU) PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the basics of computer hardware, software, and memory types with this quiz. Understand the relationships between components and their functions, as well as the evolution of peripheral devices. Ideal for beginners or anyone looking to refresh their knowledge about computers.

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