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Questions and Answers
What does a data type define?
What does a data type define?
What is crucial for a language in terms of data types?
What is crucial for a language in terms of data types?
What is discussed in the last section of the chapter?
What is discussed in the last section of the chapter?
What has a significant impact on the design of data types?
What has a significant impact on the design of data types?
How many elements do Boolean types have?
How many elements do Boolean types have?
Which version of C uses numeric expressions as conditionals?
Which version of C uses numeric expressions as conditionals?
How is character data stored in computers?
How is character data stored in computers?
What does Unicode include?
What does Unicode include?
What do character string types consist of?
What do character string types consist of?
What are the design issues for character string types?
What are the design issues for character string types?
What are some common string operations?
What are some common string operations?
How do some languages support pattern matching?
How do some languages support pattern matching?
What do C and C++ use to store character strings?
What do C and C++ use to store character strings?
What type of characters does Unicode include?
What type of characters does Unicode include?
Which language took the first step away from the Fortran I model by allowing programmers to specify the accuracy of decimal data values?
Which language took the first step away from the Fortran I model by allowing programmers to specify the accuracy of decimal data values?
Which language introduced a better approach by providing a few basic types and flexible structure-defining operators for designing data structures?
Which language introduced a better approach by providing a few basic types and flexible structure-defining operators for designing data structures?
What do user-defined types improve?
What do user-defined types improve?
What do abstract data types separate?
What do abstract data types separate?
What are the most common structured (nonscalar) data types in imperative languages?
What are the most common structured (nonscalar) data types in imperative languages?
How are structured data types defined in C?
How are structured data types defined in C?
Which programming language supports strings through the String class and the StringBuffer class for changeable values?
Which programming language supports strings through the String class and the StringBuffer class for changeable values?
What are descriptors used for in programming?
What are descriptors used for in programming?
Which programming language includes strings as a primitive type with various operations?
Which programming language includes strings as a primitive type with various operations?
Which programming language's strings are immutable like the String class objects in Java?
Which programming language's strings are immutable like the String class objects in Java?
In some programming languages, what is reserved for instances of user-defined and language-defined abstract data types?
In some programming languages, what is reserved for instances of user-defined and language-defined abstract data types?
What are primitive data types central to in programming languages?
What are primitive data types central to in programming languages?
Which programming language's strings are represented in Unicode UTF-16 and can be accessed but not changed?
Which programming language's strings are represented in Unicode UTF-16 and can be accessed but not changed?
What do abstract data types separate?
What do abstract data types separate?
Which programming language uses ^ for string catenation and includes functions for substring referencing and getting the size of a string?
Which programming language uses ^ for string catenation and includes functions for substring referencing and getting the size of a string?
What do user-defined types improve?
What do user-defined types improve?
Which programming language's String class supports constant and variable string objects with methods for character examination and concatenation?
Which programming language's String class supports constant and variable string objects with methods for character examination and concatenation?
Which language took the first step away from the Fortran I model by allowing programmers to specify the accuracy of decimal data values?
Which language took the first step away from the Fortran I model by allowing programmers to specify the accuracy of decimal data values?
Which programming language's standard class library supports strings similar to Java's support for strings?
Which programming language's standard class library supports strings similar to Java's support for strings?
Which programming language's standard library includes unsafe string manipulation functions that do not guard against overflowing the destination?
Which programming language's standard library includes unsafe string manipulation functions that do not guard against overflowing the destination?
Which programming language includes string classes similar to those in Java and supports pattern-matching operations?
Which programming language includes string classes similar to those in Java and supports pattern-matching operations?
Which programming language's standard library includes regular expressions for pattern-matching capabilities?
Which programming language's standard library includes regular expressions for pattern-matching capabilities?
Which programming language's string manipulation functions do not guard against overflowing the destination when moving string data?
Which programming language's string manipulation functions do not guard against overflowing the destination when moving string data?
Which programming language's string manipulation functions have led to numerous programming errors due to being unsafe?
Which programming language's string manipulation functions have led to numerous programming errors due to being unsafe?
Which programming language includes support for four signed integer sizes: byte, short, int, and long?
Which programming language includes support for four signed integer sizes: byte, short, int, and long?
Which programming languages include unsigned integer types for integer values without signs?
Which programming languages include unsigned integer types for integer values without signs?
Which programming language's long integer type can have unlimited length and is not directly supported by hardware?
Which programming language's long integer type can have unlimited length and is not directly supported by hardware?
In Python, what happens to integer arithmetic operations that produce values too large to be represented with int type?
In Python, what happens to integer arithmetic operations that produce values too large to be represented with int type?
What notation do computers use to store negative integers?
What notation do computers use to store negative integers?
What issue do floating-point data types in most computers face when representing real numbers stored in binary?
What issue do floating-point data types in most computers face when representing real numbers stored in binary?
What is a characteristic of the double type in the IEEE Floating-Point Standard 754 format?
What is a characteristic of the double type in the IEEE Floating-Point Standard 754 format?
What does the IEEE Floating-Point Standard 754 format define for floating-point types?
What does the IEEE Floating-Point Standard 754 format define for floating-point types?
Which programming languages support a complex data type represented as ordered pairs of floating-point values?
Which programming languages support a complex data type represented as ordered pairs of floating-point values?
What do decimal data types, supported by larger computers for business systems applications, store?
What do decimal data types, supported by larger computers for business systems applications, store?
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Study Notes
Computer Data Types and Representations
- Many computer hardware support various sizes of integers and some programming languages include support for these sizes, such as Java with four signed integer sizes: byte, short, int, and long.
- Some languages like C++ and C# include unsigned integer types for integer values without signs, often used for binary data.
- Long integer type in Python and F# can have unlimited length and are not directly supported by hardware.
- Integer arithmetic operations in Python that produce values too large to be represented with int type store them as long integer type values.
- Computers use twos complement notation to store negative integers, formed by taking the logical complement of the positive version of the number and adding one.
- Floating-point data types model real numbers, stored in binary in most computers, leading to representation issues for values like π and e.
- Floating-point types also suffer from loss of accuracy through arithmetic operations.
- Most newer machines use the IEEE Floating-Point Standard 754 format for floating-point values, with languages typically including float and double types.
- The double type provides larger fractional parts and/or a larger range of exponents than the standard float type.
- The IEEE Floating-Point Standard 754 format defines the collection of values that can be represented by a floating-point type in terms of precision and range.
- Some programming languages support a complex data type, such as Fortran and Python, represented as ordered pairs of floating-point values.
- Decimal data types, supported by larger computers for business systems applications, store a fixed number of decimal digits with the implied decimal point at a fixed position.
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