Computer Crime Responsibilities and Incidents

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Questions and Answers

What ethical challenges arise from spreading false information on social media?

Facilitating accurate information dissemination

Improving user engagement and satisfaction

Creating ethical dilemmas and misinformation (correct)

Enhancing public discourse and dialogue

What is a major concern regarding excessive government surveillance?

Infringement on civil liberties and freedom of expression (correct)

Reduction of crime rates

Increased citizen security

Promotion of transparency in government

Which of the following best describes the implications of employee monitoring?

Improvement of employee satisfaction

Elimination of workplace conflicts

Balancing productivity with privacy rights (correct)

Enhancement of employee creativity

What is an ethical concern linked to job displacement due to automation?

Moral and social concerns about replacing human workers Signup and view all the answers

How do manipulative design practices in digital platforms primarily affect users?

They are designed to maximize user engagement and can lead to digital addiction Signup and view all the answers

Which core ethical principle emphasizes taking accountability for one’s actions and shared content?

Responsibility Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the guiding values specifically related to maintaining user privacy?

Security Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical dilemma involves the discussion of whether to report or exploit vulnerabilities?

Cybersecurity Threats Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the impact of AI and automation concerning hiring practices?

Reinforces existing biases Signup and view all the answers

What issue is exacerbated by limited access to technology and the internet in marginalized communities?

Digital Divide Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical practices are prioritized under the guiding values concerning digital practices?

Respect, honesty, and transparency Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consequence of software piracy?

Violation of intellectual property rights Signup and view all the answers

How do rapid technological advancements relate to ethical concerns?

They offer new challenges and opportunities for ethical dilemmas. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following strategies is NOT effective in reducing online credit card fraud?

Implementing open-source security protocols Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a security policy?

To define security requirements and expected behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which type of motivation is characterized by engaging in an activity for its own sake?

Intrinsic Motivation Signup and view all the answers

What does risk assessment primarily involve?

Identifying security-related investments and threats Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary responsibility of a firm in dealing with computer crime?

Prosecute criminals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of extrinsic motivation?

Completing a project for a bonus Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the increasing prevalence of computer incidents?

Reliance on commercial software Signup and view all the answers

Which component is a part of the response plan during a security breach?

Incident notification Signup and view all the answers

What type of malicious code disguises itself as something else?

Trojan Horse Signup and view all the answers

What role does encryption technology play in online credit card security?

Secures data during transmission Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a botnet?

A group of compromised computers controlled without owners' knowledge Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about computer forensics is true?

It combines law and computer science to preserve data integrity. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes spear-phishing from other types of phishing?

Targeted fraudulent emails Signup and view all the answers

Which type of attacker is financially motivated in their criminal activities?

Common Criminals Signup and view all the answers

What does the CAN-SPAM Act permit regarding unsolicited emails?

Spam is allowed if it meets basic legal requirements Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a Logic Bomb?

To execute on a specific trigger Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following needs are at the base of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

Physiological Needs Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Herzberg's motivational factors?

Lead to job satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What does McGregor's Theory Y assume about employees?

They are self-motivated and creative Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is NOT considered a hygiene factor in Herzberg's Two-Factor Model?

Recognition Signup and view all the answers

In Maslow's Hierarchy, which need relates to feelings of love and friendship?

Belonging Needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern associated with sharing personal data without consent?

Potential harm or mistrust Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect does not characterize Theory X in McGregor's model?

Assumes workers are self-directed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a suggested solution to algorithmic bias in AI?

Increasing reliance on single-source data Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of hygiene factors in Herzberg's Two-Factor Model?

Prevent job dissatisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Maslow’s self-actualization need?

Personal growth and fulfillment Signup and view all the answers

What is a common impact of cyberbullying?

Emotional distress Signup and view all the answers

What is the main suggested approach to address job displacement due to AI?

Focusing on retraining programs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the term 'digital addiction'?

Mental health issues from excessive technology use Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective solution for combating the spread of false information online?

Increasing platform accountability Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk associated with neglecting security protocols?

Exposing data to risks Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the issue of piracy?

Unauthorized use of copyrighted materials Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Firm's Responsibilities Regarding Computer Crime

Prosecute criminals involved in computer crimes
Maintain a low public profile to avoid negative publicity
Inform affected customers of the incident
Allocate resources to protect against further computer crime
Address software susceptible to hacking
Manage increased costs associated with security safeguards

Prevalence of Computer Incidents

Increasing complexity of computer systems with more entry points
Cloud computing: Data and software storage via the internet
Virtualization software: Running multiple virtual machines on a single computer
High expectations from users regarding online services
Expansion and changes in systems with new technology
Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policies that allow personal devices access to company resources
Reliance on commercial software with exploitable vulnerabilities
Zero-day attacks: Attacks leveraging vulnerabilities before patches are released

Types of Exploits

Virus: Malicious code disguised as legitimate software
Worm: Self-replicating harmful programs
Logic Bomb: Code that executes on a specific trigger
Spam: Unsolicited bulk emails
Trojan Horse: Malicious code hidden within a legitimate program
CAPTCHA: Test to distinguish between humans and bots
DDoS Attack: Flood of requests to overwhelm a target site
Rootkit: Allows unauthorized access to a system
Phishing: Fraudulent emails to extract personal information

CAN-SPAM Act

Allows spam under specific legal requirements
Prohibits the use of deceptive practices in spam

Botnet

A group of compromised computers controlled without the owner’s knowledge
Used for spam distribution and delivering malicious code

### Types of Phishing

Spear phishing: Targeted fraudulent emails
Smishing: Fraudulent text messages
Vishing: Fraudulent voice messages

Types of Perpetrators

Thrill seekers: Driven by a desire for a challenge
Common criminals: Motivated by financial gain
Industrial spies: Seeking competitive advantages
Terrorists: Aiming to cause destruction
Hackers: Wanting to test system limitations
Script kiddies: Inexperienced hackers using pre-made tools
Malicious insiders: Employees or contractors causing harm
Negligent insiders: Causing harm due to negligence
Hacktivists: Motivated politically or socially
Cyberterrorists: Seeking intimidation or coercion

Strategies to Reduce Online Credit Card Fraud

Encryption technologies
Address verification with issuing banks
Obtaining card verification value (CVV)
Transaction risk scoring software
Using smart cards with encrypted data updates

Trustworthy Computing

Secure, private, and reliable computing based on sound practices

Risk Assessment

Assessing internal and external security risks
Identifying investments for likely and severe threats
Key terms:
- Asset (hardware, software, systems, databases)
- Loss event (negative impacts on assets)

Security Policy

Defines security requirements, controls, and sanctions
Clarifies responsibilities and expected behaviors
Focuses on actions to take, not technical guidelines

Establishing a Security Policy

Key areas: emails, wireless devices, VPNs (Virtual Private Networks)
VPN: Encrypts data during transmission

Prevention

Corporate firewalls and intrusion detection systems
Antivirus software to detect viruses
Safeguards against malicious insider threats
Conduct regular IT security audits
Collaboration with government agencies

Response Plan

Incident notification to appropriate parties
Incident containment, determining if systems should be shut down
Eradication, using logs and backups to resolve
Follow-up by analyzing breaches, reviewing responses and assessing financial damages

Computer Forensics

Combines law and computer science
Identifies, gathers, examines, and preserves data
Ensures data integrity for legal proceedings

Summary of Lecture on Motivation

High performance comes from motivated individuals prepared to exercise discretionary effort
Motivation is a psychological process that drives, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behavior

Types of Motivation

Intrinsic Motivation: Engaging in a behavior due to inherent satisfaction
Extrinsic Motivation: Engaging in a behavior to earn a reward or avoid punishment

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Physiological: Basic needs (food, water, sleep)
Safety: Security, stability, health
Belonging: Friendship, love, social connection
Esteem: Respect, recognition, self-esteem
Self-Actualization: Reaching one's full potential

Herzberg's Two-Factor Model

Hygiene Factors: Prevent dissatisfaction but don't directly motivate
Motivational Factors: Lead to job satisfaction and motivation

Summary of Lecture on Ethical Problems in the IT Field

Invasion of Privacy

Unauthorized access, use, or sharing of personal information
Solution: Strong security measures (encryption, secure servers, regular audits)

Disclosing personal information without permission
Solution: Clear and user-friendly consent forms

Algorithmic Bias in AI

Discriminatory outcomes from AI systems due to biased data
Solution: Use diverse datasets, implement fairness checks, ethical AI practices, diverse teams

Cyberbullying

Online harassment leading to emotional distress
Solution: Educate on online safety, stricter policies, reporting tools

AI and Job Displacement

Automation leading to job loss and economic inequality
Solution: Retraining programs, ethical AI development, policies for a fair transition

Digital Addiction and Overuse of Technology

Excessive use of IT platforms causing mental health issues and reduced productivity
Solution: Promote ethical platform design, encourage screen time management, protect vulnerable users

Spread of False or Misleading Information Online

Proliferation of misinformation and disinformation on social platforms
Solution: Strengthen media literacy, increase platform accountability, fact-checking initiatives

Neglecting Security Protocols

Ignoring security measures, delaying updates, exposing data to risks
Solution: Regular audits, timely updates, employee training, advanced cybersecurity tools

Piracy

Unauthorized use of copyrighted content, causing financial losses
Solution: Enforce copyrights, provide legal alternatives, educating the public

Deepfakes and Synthetic Media

Realistic AI-generated content for malicious purposes
Solution: Develop detection technologies, educate on risks, enforce legal accountability

Surveillance and Government Oversight

Governments engaging in practices that violate civil liberties
Excessive surveillance

Unequal Access / The Digital Divide

Limited access to technology and the internet exacerbates social inequality
Limited opportunities due to the digital divide restricting education and economic advancement

Intellectual Property Infringement

Software piracy (unauthorized copying/sharing of software)
Patent disputes (conflicts over ownership/infringement of intellectual property)

Misinformation and Disinformation

Spreading false information on social media, creating ethical challenges
Role of platforms in combating misinformation and disinformation

Employee Monitoring

Monitoring employee activities (emails, browsing history, movements) for productivity
Balancing productivity with employee privacy rights

Summary of Lecture on Navigating the Ethical Landscape of the Digital Age

Addresses complex ethical challenges of the digital era, including:
Privacy violations, cybersecurity threats, algorithmic bias, the digital divide, intellectual property infringement
Misinformation, employee monitoring, and government surveillance
Emphasizes the need for thoughtful strategies to address these issues and promote ethical practices in technology use

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Description

This quiz covers a company's responsibilities in addressing computer crimes and the increasing prevalence of computer incidents. Topics include prosecution of criminals, customer communication, and the challenges posed by emerging technologies. Test your knowledge on safeguarding practices and incident management.