Computer Components Quiz

Processing Speed

• MHz (Megahertz) represents millions of processing cycles per second.
• GHz (Gigahertz) represents billions of processing cycles per second.

Motherboard

• The motherboard is the main circuit board in a computer.
• It contains the primary components of the system unit.

Memory

• Memory chips are also known as RAM (Random Access Memory).
• RAM is the primary or temporary storage.
• RAM is considered volatile storage, meaning data is lost after power is turned off.

Storage Devices

• CD/DVD Drive: a storage device that uses laser technology to read data from optical disks.
• Flash Disk Drive: a small, portable, removable, and rewritable storage device.
• Hard Disk Drive (HDD): a non-volatile memory that permanently stores and retrieves data on a non-removable disk platter.
• Solid State Drive (SSD): a non-volatile memory that permanently stores and retrieves data using flash memory, with faster writing and retrieving data.

Computer Types

• Desktop Computers: designed to be placed on a desk, with a system unit, CPU, monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
• Laptop Computers: battery-powered, portable, and can be used anywhere.
• Tablet Computers: handheld computers with a touch-sensitive screen for typing and navigation.

ICT

• ICT (Information and Communication Technology) refers to technologies that facilitate the transfer of information and various types of electronically mediated communication.
• ICT Development Index (IDI) measures ICT access, usage, and skills in different regions and countries.

Computer History

• ENIAC (Electronic Numeric Integrator and Calculator): developed in 1946, with 20 words of internal memory, and only performed arithmetic operations.
• Transistors were used in the interior section of the computer, making it smaller, faster, and more dependable.
• Integrated Circuit (IC) was invented by Jack Kilby, replacing transistors with a combination of transistors, resistors, and capacitors.

Input Devices

• KEYBOARD: accepts letters, numbers, and commands from the user, similar to an electric typewriter.
• MOUSE: a small handheld device that moves the cursor on a computer screen.
• MICROPHONE: allows users to speak into the computer to input data and instructions.
• SCANNER: converts printed materials into a form the computer can use.
• CAMERA: allows users to take pictures and transfer them to the computer or printer.

Output Devices

• MONITOR: displays text, graphics, and videos on a screen, with three types: CRT, LCD, and LED.

System Unit

• The system unit is the enclosure that houses the main elements of a computer, including the processor chip (CPU), memory chips, and motherboard with power supply.
• PROCESSOR CHIP: a tiny piece of silicon that contains millions of miniature electronic circuits, with speed measured in megahertz (MHz).