Computer Communication Systems

Computer Communication

• Computer communication is the process of transferring data, instructions, and information between computers.
• Earlier, only large computers had communication capabilities, but now even smaller computers and devices can communicate directly with each other.

Components of Computer Communication

• SENDER: a device that initiates sending data, instructions, or information, such as a computer or mobile device.
• COMMUNICATION CHANNEL OR TRANSMISSION MEDIA: a medium through which data travels, such as cables, microwave stations, or satellites.
• RECEIVER: a device that accepts the transmission of data, instructions, or information, such as a computer or mobile device.
• PROTOCOL: a set of rules that outlines characteristics of how two devices communicate, including data format, coding schemes, and sequence of data transfer.

Computer Network

• A computer network is a collection of computers and devices connected by communication channels.
• Networks can be small, connecting two computers, or large, covering different parts of a city or even the whole world.
• Networks allow people to share hardware, software, data, and information, and facilitate communication.

Need for a Network

• Sharing resources saves time and money with the help of a network.
• Resources that can be shared include hardware devices, software programs, data, and information.

Data and Information Sharing

• In a network environment, authorized users can access data and information stored on other computers in the network.
• A large company can store a database of customer information on a server, and authorized users can access it.

Hardware Sharing

• In a network environment, each computer can access and use hardware available on the network.
• Examples include sharing a printer among multiple computers.

Software Sharing

• Network lets people gain access to software programs stored on a central computer.
• Individuals can access and work with these programs using their own computer.

Transfer Funds

• Network allows users to exchange money from one bank account to another via Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT).
• Examples include use of credit and debit cards, direct deposit of funds, online banking, and online bill payment.

Network User

• When a computer is part of a network, users can access local resources, such as files, folders, and computer hardware.
• Examples include accessing a printer attached to another computer.

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