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Computers classified by processing power, primarily determined by their word length.

Large, powerful computers with many peripherals, used for diverse tasks simultaneously. They have extensive memory and backup capabilities, making them expensive and suitable for research and institutions.

Smaller, less powerful and less expensive than mainframes. They have smaller memory and word lengths, suitable for smaller organizations.

Small, inexpensive computers with a processor and memory on a single board. They can be connected to various peripherals.

Computers can process information very quickly, often millions of instructions per second.

Computers provide precise calculations and results, minimizing errors.

Computers work without fatigue and consistently maintain speed and accuracy during long tasks.

The physical components of a computer system, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and storage devices.

A type of memory that temporarily stores data and instructions that the CPU is actively using.

A type of memory that stores permanent instructions, like the boot-up sequence, that are essential for the computer to function.

Devices that allow you to input data into the computer, such as a keyboard, mouse, or scanner.

Devices that display or output processed information from the computer, such as a monitor, printer, or speakers.

The central processing unit of a computer, responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations.

A set of instructions that tell the computer what to do. It includes programs, operating systems, and applications.

Software that manages the computer's resources and provides a platform for other applications to run.

The process of converting data into meaningful information, often using a computer.

The brain of a computer, responsible for all functions and processes. It executes arithmetic and logical operations and coordinates computer components.

The part of the CPU that performs arithmetic calculations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

The part of the CPU that controls the entire computer system.

A device used for typing text and entering information into the computer. It has a standard QWERTY layout.

A device used to control the movement of a pointer or cursor on the screen. It uses a ball to track movement.

A device that allows you to control a game character or on-screen object using a lever. Commonly used for playing video games.

A device that captures images or videos that can be stored and manipulated on a computer.

The main component of a computer that contains the CPU, memory, and storage.

An optical disc drive (ODD) uses laser light to read or write data on discs. These drives are commonly found in computers and are used to access information from CDs, DVDs, or Blu-ray discs.

A storage module made of flash memory chips, providing a portable and reliable method for storing data. It works like a hard drive but has no moving parts, making it more durable.

A device that converts electronically generated information into a human-readable format. This includes monitors, printers, speakers, and projectors.

A computer's display screen, which shows you what's happening. Modern monitors commonly use LCD or LED technology.

A device that prints text and images onto paper or other materials. The two most common types are inkjet and laser printers.

A storage area used by the CPU to hold data needed for immediate processing. It's very fast but loses data when the power is off.

A type of memory that allows the CPU to access any data location directly using its address. It's volatile, meaning data is lost when the power is off.

A read-only type of memory that stores permanent instructions for the computer. It's non-volatile, meaning data remains even when power is off.

The ability to access any memory cell directly by specifying its address (row and column).

A storage device that provides relatively quick access to large amounts of data and information. It's used for storing the operating system, applications, and user data.

The main difference is that RAM is volatile, meaning data is lost when power is off, while ROM retains data even when power is off.

A storage area that retains data even after the power is turned off. It's used for long-term storage of data and programs.

The process of converting raw data into meaningful information, often using a computer.

Devices that allow you to input data into the computer, such as keyboards, mice, scanners, and cameras.

Devices that display or output processed information from the computer, such as monitors, printers, and speakers.