Computer Basics Quiz

To convert raw facts and data into meaningful information and knowledge.

A computer is an electronic machine that solves problems, processes, stores, and retrieves data.

Hardware and software.

<p>Computers can store vast amounts of information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can execute billions to trillions of instructions per second.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers process information much faster than humans, who would take around 31,000 years for certain tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For storing and retrieving academic information or conducting online classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their ability to perform calculations quickly and efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers enhance communication by enabling instant messaging and file sharing, allowing users to connect in real-time globally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The data processing cycle is significant because it transforms raw data into useful information through input, processing, output, and storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stages of the data processing cycle are input, processing, output, and storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data refers to raw, unorganized facts, while information is organized or processed data with meaningful value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers contribute to automation by performing tasks automatically, such as monitoring movements with cameras and alerting the user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Storage in a computer holds data, instructions, and information for future use, essential for system and application software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers are more accurate than humans in calculations because errors typically occur due to human mistakes, not computer processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The output is the processed data that has been transformed from raw data into useful information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microcomputers have overtaken minicomputers in speed and functionality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A desktop computer is placed on a table, has a separate keyboard and monitor, and requires a power outlet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Laptop computers are portable, have integrated keyboards and screens, and often use batteries for power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tablet computers are portable, small-sized devices with touch screens, cameras, and microphones integrated into one unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control computers are used for real-time applications in environments such as power stations and railway control stations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A Bit is a binary value that can be either 1 or 0.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ASCII Code stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blaise Pascal is credited with building the first digital computer in 1642.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ENIAC was a high-speed electronic computer built in 1942, significant for its use of vacuum tubes and large scale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The discoveries of magnetic core memory and the Transistor were made in the early 1950s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Personal Computer (PC) was developed in the 1980s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Character encoding schemes like Unicode are used to represent a wide range of characters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transistors replaced vacuum tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrated circuits increased the speed and efficiency of computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They incorporate Artificial Intelligence and can interact using natural language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supercomputers are used for tasks such as oil exploration and drilling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mainframe computers are used for intensive business applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>FORTRAN and COBOL became popular programming languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were very expensive to operate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

An electronic device that processes, stores, and retrieves data to solve problems.

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer, such as the processor, memory, storage, ports, and peripherals.

Software refers to the set of instructions and data that tells the computer what to do.

Computers can store massive amounts of information, from documents to pictures to videos.

Computers can perform calculations and process information incredibly quickly, much faster than humans.

Computers are used in various areas including education, business, government offices, hospitals, and many others.

The operating system is a type of software that manages the computer's resources.

Software applications are programs that allow users to perform specific tasks, such as writing documents, browsing the web, or playing games.

Computers are more accurate than humans at processing information. They don't make mistakes due to human error.

Computers facilitate communication by connecting people instantly and sharing information globally.

Computers control various tasks automatically, making them efficient. Example: Security cameras using computer programs to detect movement.

Raw, unorganized facts or data that can be processed by a computer. Examples: Numbers, text, images.

Processed data that has meaning and value. Provides insight from raw data. Example: A sales report analyzing sales figures.

A series of steps used to transform raw data into meaningful information. It involves input, processing, output, and storage.

The first stage of the data processing cycle where raw data is entered into the system.

The second stage, where raw data is transformed and manipulated using specific methods. Example: Calculations, sorting, filtering.

A small, easily portable computer with an integrated keyboard, screen, and often a battery. Examples include laptops and notebooks.

A computer designed for specialized tasks with high processing power, often handling complex graphics or calculations.

A computer used for real-time control applications, often in industries like power stations or railway control centers. They typically have the ability to detect and correct errors during operation.

A computer with a touchscreen, camera, and other features all integrated into a single unit. These are often used for portable browsing and communication.

A mobile phone with advanced capabilities including media player, digital camera, GPS, internet browsing, and the ability to connect to Wi-Fi networks.

A single binary digit (0 or 1) used as the basic unit of data in a computer.

A group of eight bits used to represent a character, number, or symbol in a computer.

A character encoding scheme that uses a unique numerical code for each character, supporting a wide range of characters, including those from different languages.

A character encoding scheme that uses a unique numerical code for each character, primarily supporting the English alphabet and basic symbols.

The first generation of computers (1946-1958) used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. These computers were large and expensive.

The period of early computing (1946-1958), characterized by the use of vacuum tubes for processing and magnetic drums for memory. These computers were large, expensive, and consumed a lot of power.

The development of the abacus in Babylonia around 2000 years ago is considered the earliest form of a calculating device.

Blaise Pascal's mechanical calculator, invented in 1642, was a significant step towards modern computers, using gears and wheels for calculations.

The second generation of computers saw the introduction of transistors, replacing the bulky and inefficient vacuum tubes. This led to smaller, faster, and more energy-efficient computers.

The third generation of computers witnessed the emergence of integrated circuits (ICs) made from silicon. ICs drastically improved computer speed and efficiency, leading to smaller and more affordable machines.

The fourth generation of computers was marked by the arrival of microprocessors, which integrated thousands of ICs onto a single silicon chip. This led to even smaller, more powerful, and network-connected computers.

The fifth generation of computers envisions machines powered by artificial intelligence (AI). These machines aim to mimic human thought processes, learn autonomously, and interact naturally with humans using speech.

Supercomputers are extremely powerful machines designed for intensive calculations. They are used by organizations like Saudi Aramco for oil exploration and drilling.

A mainframe computer is a large, powerful machine typically used for business applications by companies like universities, airlines, and telecommunication companies.

Mini-computers, also known as mid-range computers, occupy a space between mainframes and microcomputers. They are commonly used in smaller organizations with moderate computing needs.