Computer Architecture Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the Fetch and Execute Cycle?

A graphical representation of the CPU’s performance over time.

The process by which a processor retrieves an instruction from memory and executes it. (correct)

A type of memory allocation used by the operating system.

A cycle of storing data in memory for later use.

What is the correct order from smallest to largest for units of storage?

Byte, Kilobyte, Terabyte, Gigabyte

Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte (correct)

Byte, Gigabyte, Kilobyte, Terabyte

Byte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Kilobyte

Which of the following best describes IoT (Internet of Things)?

A concept where intelligent devices communicate via a shared network.

A system where normal, unintelligent devices are networked together to communicate. (correct)

A technology used for managing web traffic across networks.

A type of data storage system designed for the cloud.

In Russ Ackoff’s DIKW Pyramid, which level is characterized by actionable insight derived from knowledge?

Wisdom Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Normalization in a relational database?

To organize data efficiently by reducing redundancy and ensuring consistency. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines a Primary Key in a relational database?

A unique identifier for each record in a table. Signup and view all the answers

What does Metcalfe’s Law state?

The value of a network increases exponentially as more users join. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines Edge Computing?

Processing data closer to the source of data generation rather than in centralized cloud servers. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of database model organizes data into one or more tables?

Relational model Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a cloud service?

Reduced dependency on local hardware and software. Signup and view all the answers

Which option correctly defines the term 'Cloud Computing'?

The on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Foreign Key do in a relational database?

It links records in one table to records in another table. Signup and view all the answers

What does Elasticity in cloud computing refer to?

The ability of cloud resources to scale up or down according to demand. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of an ERD (Entity-Relationship Diagram)?

The relationships between entities in a database. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes Moore’s Law?

The number of transistors on a chip doubles every two years, increasing processing power. Signup and view all the answers

What represents the maximum cardinality in a relational database?

1 or many Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Open Source software?

The software must be free of charge. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction between Private Cloud and Public Cloud?

Private clouds are owned by a single organization, while public clouds are shared by multiple users. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the role of a GPU in a computer?

To handle rendering of graphics and visual output. Signup and view all the answers

What is BPMN primarily used for?

Visualizing business processes through symbols and notations. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Management Information System (MIS)?

To help organizations achieve their objectives by managing business operations and decision-making processes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system?

It integrates various business processes into a single unified system. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of cloud computing that illustrates elasticity?

A system that automatically adjusts server capacity to handle fluctuations in demand. Signup and view all the answers

How would you define the DIKW framework?

A model that represents how data is transformed into useful information, knowledge, and ultimately wisdom. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in business?

Increasing the emotional intelligence of employees. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of a database?

To organize, store, and manage large sets of structured data for easy access and analysis. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly outlines a cloud service's main advantage?

The ability to scale resources up or down as needed. Signup and view all the answers

How is the Primary Key defined in a relational database?

A unique identifier for each record in a table. Signup and view all the answers

What definition accurately describes Edge Computing?

Conducting data processing closer to the source to reduce latency. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a cloud service over on-premises systems?

It can reduce operational costs and increase flexibility in resource management. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes how edge computing enhances efficiency?

By minimizing latency through localized data processing. Signup and view all the answers

In an ERP system, which of the following modules plays a crucial role in managing supply chain efficiency?

The supply chain management module integrating logistics and operations. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when implementing an ERP system within an organization?

To integrate various processes and data sources for streamlined operations. Signup and view all the answers

Which definition best describes the concept of normalization in database design?

It organizes data to reduce redundancy and improve integrity. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'PaaS' specifically refer to in cloud computing?

A platform providing environment for application development without managing infrastructure. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'public cloud' imply regarding data accessibility?

It is designed for multiple users and organizations to access shared resources on a subscription basis. Signup and view all the answers

How does Moore's Law relate to technological advancement?

It states that the number of transistors on a chip approximately doubles every two years. Signup and view all the answers

What does a foreign key do in relational databases?

It enforces data integrity by linking records in different tables. Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental distinction between open source software and proprietary software?

Open source software is free for anyone to use and modify, whereas proprietary software restricts access to its source code. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects the primary strength of using BPMN?

It provides a clear and standardized way to visualize and analyze business processes. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the DIKW Pyramid, how does data contrast with information?

Data is raw and unprocessed, while information is organized and meaningful. Signup and view all the answers

How does an ERP system facilitate the procurement process?

By automating supplier communications and purchase orders across departments. Signup and view all the answers

What is the core principle of normalization in database management?

To optimize database structures by eliminating redundancy. Signup and view all the answers

What vital role does information security systems play?

To protect data from unauthorized access while ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Signup and view all the answers

What function does cloud computing serve in load balancing?

It helps distribute workloads across multiple servers to avoid overloading any single server. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinctly defines private cloud infrastructure?

It is solely dedicated to a single organization for greater control and security. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of SQL in relational databases?

To facilitate the retrieval, manipulation, and management of data. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fetch and Execute Cycle

Involves retrieving an instruction from memory and executing it.

Storage Units

Order for units of storage from smallest to largest: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte.

Internet of Things (IoT)

A system where regular devices are networked to communicate, enabling intelligent interaction.

DIKW Pyramid (Russ Ackoff)

Wisdom is the level characterized by actionable insights derived from knowledge.

Normalization in Databases

Purpose is to organize data efficiently by reducing redundancy and ensuring consistency.

Primary Key in Databases

A unique identifier that distinguishes each record in a table.

Metcalfe’s Law

States that the value of a network increases exponentially as more users join.

Edge Computing

Involves processing data closer to its source rather than in centralized cloud servers.

Moore’s Law

Predicts that the number of transistors on a microchip will double approximately every two years.

BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation)

Primarily used for visualizing business processes through standardized symbols and notations.

Cloud Computing

Defined as the on-demand availability of computer resources, especially storage and computing power, without active management by users.

Private Cloud vs. Public Cloud

Private clouds are owned by a single organization; public clouds are shared by multiple users.

Field in a Database

Represents a single data item, such as a phone number or email address, within a database record.

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

An example is Google Cloud Storage.

Elasticity in Cloud Computing

Refers to the ability of cloud resources to scale up or down based on demand.

Foreign Key in Databases

Links records from one table to records in another table.

Internet Protocol (IP)

Network layer is responsible for routing data across networks.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

A core internet protocol that manages the transmission of data.

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

An example is Heroku, which provides a platform for building and deploying applications.

SaaS (Software as a Service)

Microsoft Word is classified as a SaaS offering, providing software over the internet.

Cardinality in Relational Databases

Maximum cardinality can be 1 or many; minimum cardinality can be 0 or 1, indicating the presence or absence of relationships between entities.

Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Represents the relationships between entities in a database.

DIKW Pyramid Hierarchy

Illustrates the hierarchical relationship between Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom.

Characteristics of Moore's Law

Describes that the amount of processing power available will double approximately every two years.

Cloud Computing and Load Balancing

Facilitates balancing by automatically transferring data to underutilized resources.

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) Role

Specialized for handling rendering of graphics and visual outputs on a computer.

Index in a Database

Used to improve the speed of data retrieval, enhancing performance for queries.

Open Source Software Characteristics

While the source code is available for public use and modification, it is not a requirement that the software must be free of charge.

Management Information Systems (MIS)

Primary purpose is to aid organizations in achieving objectives by managing operations and decision-making processes.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems

Key characteristic is the integration of various business processes into a unified system.
Supports procurement processes by automating supplier communications and purchase orders.

Cloud Computing

Elasticity allows systems to automatically adjust server capacity based on demand.
Load balancing distributes workloads across multiple servers to prevent overload.
Public cloud is infrastructure available to multiple organizations on a subscription basis; private cloud is dedicated to a single organization for enhanced control and security.

DIKW Framework

Represents the transformation from data (raw) to information (processed and meaningful), to knowledge, and ultimately wisdom.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Business

AI automates repetitive tasks and enhances decision-making through machine learning.
Cannot increase the emotional intelligence of employees, reflecting a limitation in AI application.

Databases

Function is to organize, store, and manage structured data for easy access and analysis.
Primary key uniquely identifies each record, while foreign key connects records in different tables.
Normalization improves performance by eliminating data redundancy.

Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN)

Allows clear visualization and analysis of business processes, facilitating improved communication and decision-making.

Networking Principles

Metcalfe's Law indicates that network value grows exponentially with the number of users.
TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol, essential for network data transmission.

Software as a Service (SaaS) vs. Other Models

SaaS examples include Salesforce, while IaaS is represented by Amazon EC2, and PaaS by Google App Engine.
PaaS provides a platform for developers to build applications without managing underlying infrastructure.

Business Process Optimization

AI plays a significant role by automating tasks and predicting customer needs through predictive analytics.
Cloud computing fosters innovation by offering scalable resources for experimentation.

Financial Management in ERP

Automates financial reporting and integrates business functions such as HR, finance, and supply chain, enhancing efficiency and reducing errors.

Moore’s Law

Indicates that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles approximately every two years, significantly boosting processing power.

Edge Computing

Involves processing data close to its source rather than in centralized data centers, improving response times and reducing bandwidth use.

Summary of Benefits

Cloud computing provides scalability, reduces hardware dependence, enhances visibility in supply chains, and streamlines multiple business functions with ERP systems.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the Fetch and Execute Cycle and other essential concepts in computer architecture. This quiz features various question formats to assess your understanding of CPU processes and memory allocation. Challenge yourself and see how well you know computer systems!