Computer Acronyms Quiz

Acronyms and Their Meanings

• TB: Terabyte - equivalent to 1,024 gigabytes.
• OS: Operating System - software managing hardware and software resources.
• CPU: Central Processing Unit - the primary component for processing instructions.
• I/O: Input/Output - communication between the computer and external devices.
• PC: Personal Computer - a computer designed for individual use.
• HDMI: High-Definition Multimedia Interface - transmits audio and video data.
• VIRUS: Vital Internal Resource Under Seize - malicious software affecting computer function.
• DVD: Digital Versatile Disk - storage medium for digital data.
• RAM: Random Access Memory - volatile memory for temporary data storage.
• DRAM: Dynamic Random-Access Memory - a type of RAM that stores data dynamically.
• EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory - non-volatile memory that can be reprogrammed.
• NAS: Network Attached Storage - centralized storage accessible over a network.
• SIM: Subscriber Identity Module - smart card for mobile devices enabling cellular service.
• JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group - image compression standards for digital pictures.
• ACL: Access Control List - rules that grant or restrict resource access.
• PDF: Portable Document File - file format for documents including text, images, and graphics.
• GPS: Global Positioning System - navigation system using satellite signals.
• GUI: Graphical User Interface - visual interface for user interaction with software.
• BIOS: Basic Input-Output Services - firmware that initializes hardware during booting.
• WAN: Wide-Area Network - a network covering a broad area, often multiple cities or countries.
• LAN: Local-Area Network - a network that connects computers within a limited area.
• VoIP: Voice Over Internet Protocol - technology for voice communication using the internet.
• SaaS: Software as a Service - software distribution model via the internet.
• PaaS: Platform as a Service - cloud computing model providing hardware and software tools.
• IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service - cloud service model providing virtualized computing resources.

Software Categories and Functions

• Application Software: Programs designed to perform specific tasks for users.
• System Software: Programs that manage hardware and system resources, enabling application software to function.
• Operating System: A type of system software that manages computer resources and provides user interface.

Management Processes

• Multiprogramming: Technique allowing multiple programs to reside in main memory simultaneously.
• Memory Management: Tracking how and where programs and data are stored in memory.
• Process Management: Monitoring and maintaining information for active processes currently in execution.

CPU Scheduling Algorithms

• CPU Scheduling: The method used to decide which processes access the CPU and when.
• First Come First Serve (FCFS): Processes are executed in the order they arrive.
• Shortest Job Next (SJN): Selects the process with the shortest execution time next.
• Round Robin (RR): Distributes CPU time equally among all ready processes.

Additional Concepts

• Logical Address: A reference to a memory location independent of the actual physical address.
• Physical Address: The actual location in the main memory where data is stored.
• Response Time: The time taken to respond to a stimulus, important in real-time systems.