Electromagnetic radiation
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Questions and Answers

What is the minimum energy required for a photon to participate in pair production?

  • 0.511 MeV
  • 10 MeV
  • 1.022 MeV (correct)
  • 5 MeV
  • What is the result of the conservation of momentum when a photon passes near the nucleus of an atom?

  • Creation of a positively charged electron (correct)
  • Creation of a proton
  • Creation of a negatively charged electron
  • Creation of a neutron
  • What is Δλ equal to?

  • The ratio of the wavelengths of photon before and after scattering
  • The product of the wavelengths of photon before and after scattering
  • The sum of the wavelengths of photon before and after scattering
  • The difference in the wavelength of photon before and after scattering (correct)
  • What is the purpose of performing X-rays in the diagnosis of the oral cavity and jaw?

    <p>To evaluate the structure of the oral cavity and jaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what energy does pair production dominate over photoelectric absorption and Compton scattering?

    <p>10 MeV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rest mass energy of an electron?

    <p>0.511 MeV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the uses of X-rays in medicine?

    <p>Detecting lung cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of X-rays in crystallography?

    <p>Utilizing the diffraction property of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the year of the first reported human injury due to X-rays?

    <p>1895</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the annual radiation dose limit for workers set by the ICRP?

    <p>20 mSv</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ICRP's annual radiation dose limits?

    <p>To prevent stochastic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the year of the U.S. nuclear testing that increased knowledge of radiation's biological effects?

    <p>1952-1953</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the biological effects of ionizing radiation?

    <p>Energy transfer to cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum radiation dose required to cause acute effects?

    <p>100 mGy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic material that ionizing radiation can damage?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of radiotherapy treatment planning?

    <p>To determine optimal treatment parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is radiation therapy necessary after surgery?

    <p>To avoid recurrences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of cell mutations caused by ionizing radiation?

    <p>Genetic effects and cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wavelength range of ultraviolet rays?

    <p>4 × 10^–7 m to 6 × 10^–10 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of ultraviolet radiation on Earth?

    <p>The sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do welders wear special glass goggles or face masks?

    <p>To protect their eyes from large amounts of UV radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of exposure to UV radiation on human skin?

    <p>It induces the production of more melanin, causing tanning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of UV lamps in water purifiers?

    <p>To kill germs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't you get tanned or sunburn through glass windows?

    <p>Because UV radiation is absorbed by glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of darkening and thickening of the skin on future exposures?

    <p>It provides some protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the latent period for an inflammation of the cornea?

    <p>4-12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is thepeak of the action spectrum for an inflammation of the cornea?

    <p>265-275</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of symptoms for an inflammation of the cornea?

    <p>Up to 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recovery time for an inflammation of the cornea?

    <p>One to two days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensation experienced in the eyes during an inflammation of the cornea?

    <p>A sensation of 'sand'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Electromagnetic Radiation Lasers emit only visible radiation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Low-pressure mercury vapor sources emit only UV wavelengths.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    UVA radiation is more photobiologically active than UVB and UVC radiation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The maximum sensitivity of the human eye occurs at approximately 400 nm.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The adverse effects of UV radiation are a result of thermal damage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Erythema is a response to excessive exposure by UVA radiation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The latent period for erythema is typically 1-2 hours.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The dose required to produce erythema does not vary with skin pigmentation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Electromagnetic Radiation is only emitted in a narrow band.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The emitted spectrum is not an important factor in evaluating the radiation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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