CH 8 SUM: Electrodynamics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the slip rings or commutator in an electrical generator?

  • To control the direction of current flow
  • To transfer the induced current out of the generator (correct)
  • To provide electrical contact between rotating and stationary parts
  • To establish the magnetic field

What is the main advantage of using alternating current (AC) over direct current (DC) for power transmission?

  • AC can be easily stepped up or down in voltage using transformers (correct)
  • DC is more efficient for long-distance power transmission
  • AC is easier to convert to DC than the other way around
  • DC can be used in electric generators and motors more easily

What is the purpose of the brushes in an electrical motor?

  • To transfer the induced current out of the motor
  • To control the direction of current flow
  • To establish the magnetic field
  • To allow electrical contact between the rotating and stationary parts (correct)

How is the root-mean-square (RMS) voltage of an AC signal calculated?

<p>RMS voltage = Vmax * √2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the frequency (f) and period (T) of an AC signal?

<p>f = 1 / T (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the commutator or slip rings in a DC motor?

<p>To control the direction of current flow in the armature coil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental process that allows generators to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy?

<p>Electromagnetic induction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a motor, what is the primary mechanism that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?

<p>Motor effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What law describes the relationship between the induced electromotive force (emf) in a generator and the changing magnetic flux linkage?

<p>Faraday's law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a motor, what is the direction of the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field?

<p>Perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component in a generator is responsible for rotating within the magnetic field to induce an electromotive force?

<p>Coil/Armature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of current is generated by a basic generator setup, where the coil rotates within a magnetic field?

<p>Both AC and DC, depending on the setup (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What formula is used to calculate the time period (T) in an AC circuit?

<p>T = f1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is AC preferred for power transmission over long distances?

<p>It has a lower voltage loss compared to DC. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula is used to calculate the average power for resistive loads in AC circuits?

<p>$2 P_{ave} = I_{rms}^2R$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indispensable for the modern power grid and only works with AC?

<p>Transformers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an in-depth understanding of AC involve?

<p>Recognizing sinusoidal variation of current and voltage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of AC circuits makes them suitable for practical comparisons to DC?

<p>Calculating RMS values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is AC considered more effective than DC in power generation?

<p>AC can be easily stepped up and down in voltage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the brushes in an electrical generator?

<p>To conduct current between the stationary wires and the rotating parts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy in an electric motor?

<p>The interaction between the current in the coil and the magnetic field, creating a force that causes rotation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the frequency (f) and period (T) of an alternating current (AC) signal?

<p>$T = 1/f$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What formula is used to calculate the average power for resistive loads in AC circuits?

<p>$P = I_{ ext{RMS}}V_{ ext{RMS}}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the commutator or slip rings in an electrical generator?

<p>To transfer the induced current out of the generator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using alternating current (AC) over direct current (DC) for power transmission?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental process that allows generators to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy?

<p>The changing magnetic flux inducing an electromotive force (emf) in the coil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the commutator or slip rings in a DC motor?

<p>To ensure the current flows in the correct direction to maintain rotation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, as described by Fleming's Left-Hand Rule?

<p>The force is directed perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of current is generated by a basic generator setup, where the coil rotates within a magnetic field?

<p>Alternating current (AC) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating average power for resistive loads in AC circuits?

<p>$P_{ave} = I_{rms}^2R$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is AC preferred for power transmission over long distances?

<p>AC can be transformed easily to different voltages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In AC circuits, what formula is used to calculate the average power for resistive loads?

<p>$2P_{ave} = 2V_{max}I_{max}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes AC circuits suitable for practical comparisons to DC circuits?

<p>The sinusoidal variation of current and voltage in AC circuits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the time period (T) in an AC circuit calculated?

<p>$T = \frac{1}{f}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of power loss is reduced by stepping up the voltage in AC power transmission?

<p>Joule heating losses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental concept must be recognized for an in-depth understanding of AC?

<p>Sinusoidal variation of current and voltage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does stepping up the voltage have on energy loss during power transmission?

<p>Decreases energy loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is indispensable for the modern power grid and only works with AC?

<p>Transformers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are RMS values utilized in solving problems in AC circuits?

<p>To analyze the effects on heat dissipation between AC and DC circuits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle is responsible for the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy in a generator?

<p>Electromagnetic induction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a motor, what is the primary cause of the rotational motion?

<p>The motor effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component in a generator is responsible for rotating and inducing an electromotive force (emf)?

<p>The coil/armature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What law governs the direction and magnitude of the induced electromotive force (emf) in a generator?

<p>Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of current is typically generated by a basic generator setup, where the coil rotates within a magnetic field?

<p>Alternating current (AC) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy?

<p>The motor effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a motor, what is the direction of the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field?

<p>Perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the commutator or slip rings in a DC generator?

<p>To provide a continuous flow of current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the frequency (f) and the period (T) of an AC signal?

<p>f = 1/T (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law describes the direction of the induced current in a generator or motor?

<p>Lenz's law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Faraday's law and Lenz's law, what determines the direction and magnitude of the induced electromotive force (emf) in a generator?

<p>The changing magnetic flux linkage through the coil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that causes the rotation of an electric motor?

<p>The motor effect, where a current-carrying conductor experiences a force in a magnetic field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a generator, what is the primary purpose of the commutator or slip rings?

<p>To provide a path for the induced current to flow from the rotating armature to the external circuit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using alternating current (AC) over direct current (DC) for power transmission over long distances?

<p>AC can be easily converted to different voltage levels using transformers, reducing energy losses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an AC circuit with a resistive load, what formula is used to calculate the average power dissipated?

<p>P = V_rms * I_rms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the frequency (f) and the period (T) of an alternating current (AC) signal?

<p>f = 1 / T (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a motor, what is the direction of the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, according to Fleming's Left-Hand Rule?

<p>Perpendicular to both the direction of the current and the magnetic field (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the brushes in an electrical generator?

<p>To provide a path for the induced current to flow from the rotating armature to the external circuit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component in a generator is responsible for rotating within the magnetic field to induce an electromotive force (emf)?

<p>The coil or armature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental process that allows generators to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy?

<p>Electromagnetic induction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the relationship between the period (T) and frequency (f) of an alternating current (AC) signal?

<p>$f = \frac{1}{T}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In AC circuits, which formula is used to calculate the average power (P_ave) for resistive loads when the maximum voltage (V_max) and maximum current (I_max) are known?

<p>$P_{ave} = \frac{V_{max}I_{max}}{\sqrt{2}}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law governs the direction and magnitude of the induced electromotive force (emf) in a generator?

<p>Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the fundamental process that allows generators to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy?

<p>Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an AC circuit, what is the primary advantage of using the root-mean-square (RMS) value for voltage or current instead of the peak value?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for preferring alternating current (AC) over direct current (DC) for power transmission over long distances?

<p>AC can be easily stepped up and down in voltage, reducing energy loss. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a generator, what is the primary function of the commutator or slip rings?

<p>To convert the alternating current to direct current. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component in a generator is responsible for rotating within the magnetic field to induce an electromotive force (emf)?

<p>The armature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy?

<p>The Lorentz force on current-carrying conductors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an electric motor, what is the direction of the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, as described by Fleming's Left-Hand Rule?

<p>Perpendicular to both the conductor and the magnetic field (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an AC generator, what principle governs the production of an alternating electromotive force (emf)?

<p>Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the commutator in a DC motor?

<p>To reverse the direction of current flow in the armature coil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component in a generator is responsible for transferring the induced current from the rotating armature to the external circuit?

<p>Slip rings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a transformer, what principle allows for the efficient transfer of electrical energy between the primary and secondary windings?

<p>Electromagnetic induction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using high voltages in AC power transmission over long distances?

<p>To reduce energy losses due to heating in the transmission lines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an AC circuit, what is the relationship between the root-mean-square (RMS) voltage and the maximum voltage ($V_{max}$)?

<p>$V_{rms} = \sqrt{2} V_{max}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a DC generator, what is the primary function of the brushes?

<p>To transfer the induced current from the rotating armature to the external circuit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that allows an AC motor to maintain continuous rotation?

<p>The alternating magnetic field produced by the stator windings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a three-phase AC system over a single-phase AC system for power transmission?

<p>Increased efficiency due to lower power losses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a synchronous generator, what mechanism ensures that the rotor rotates at the same speed as the rotating magnetic field?

<p>The rotor is directly coupled to the prime mover (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation used to calculate power for resistive loads in AC circuits using RMS values?

<p>$P_{ave} = I_{rms}^2R$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is AC preferred over DC for power transmission over long distances?

<p>AC allows for easier voltage step-up and step-down. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why transformers only work with AC?

<p>AC allows for changing magnetic fields. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an in-depth understanding of AC circuits benefit engineers in power generation and consumption?

<p>It aids in analyzing and designing efficient circuits. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of AC circuits makes them essential for the modern power grid?

<p>Utilization of transformers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do RMS values play in practical comparisons between AC and DC circuits?

<p>Calculating average power accurately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the ability to easily step up and down voltage significant for AC power transmission?

<p>To minimize energy losses over long distances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

1

<p>none of these (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Here is the question1

<p>none of these2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a generator, what is the primary function of the coil or armature?

<p>To rotate within the magnetic field to induce an electromotive force (emf) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a motor, what is the primary cause of the rotational motion?

<p>The interaction between the magnetic fields of the motor's coils and the external magnetic field, creating torque (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Faraday's law and Lenz's law, what determines the direction and magnitude of the induced electromotive force (emf) in a generator?

<p>The strength of the magnetic field and the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a DC generator, what is the primary function of the commutator or slip rings?

<p>To provide a path for the induced current to flow from the rotating armature to the external circuit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using alternating current (AC) over direct current (DC) for power transmission over long distances?

<p>AC can be easily transformed to higher or lower voltages using transformers, reducing power losses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an electric motor, what is the direction of the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, as described by Fleming's Left-Hand Rule?

<p>Perpendicular to the magnetic field and in the direction of the current (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle is responsible for the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy in a generator?

<p>Electromagnetic induction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a DC motor, what is the primary function of the commutator?

<p>To reverse the direction of current flow in the armature coils at appropriate intervals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes AC circuits suitable for practical comparisons to DC circuits?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of power loss is reduced by stepping up the voltage in AC power transmission?

<p>Copper losses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a DC generator, what is the primary role of the commutator?

<p>To reverse the direction of current flow every half turn (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of operation for an AC motor?

<p>The coil/armature carries current within the magnetic field, inducing rotation, while the AC power reverses the current direction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using AC over DC for power transmission over long distances?

<p>AC can be stepped up or down in voltage using transformers, reducing transmission losses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a generator, what is the primary mechanism that induces an electromotive force (emf)?

<p>The rotation of the armature within a magnetic field (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component in a DC motor is responsible for ensuring continuous rotation by reversing the current direction?

<p>Commutator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using RMS (root-mean-square) values in AC circuit calculations?

<p>To account for the sinusoidal nature of AC voltage and current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a generator, what is the primary function of the brushes?

<p>To conduct current between the stationary wires and rotating parts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law governs the direction of the induced electromotive force (emf) in a generator or motor?

<p>Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy?

<p>The interaction between the magnetic field and the current-carrying coil/armature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an AC generator, what is the primary function of the slip rings?

<p>To transfer the induced AC current out of the generator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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