Compounds and Ions in Chemistry

Questions and Answers

What term is used for a negatively charged ion?

Ion

Cation

Anion (correct)

Radical

What distinguishes a cation from an anion?

Cations are larger than anions.

Cations always form with nonmetals.

Cations carry a positive charge while anions carry a negative charge. (correct)

Cations consist of more than one atom.

Which of the following statements about ions is incorrect?

Ions can be either positively or negatively charged.

All ions are composed exclusively of metals. (correct)

Ions may consist of groups of atoms with a net charge.

Ions can exist as single charged atoms.

In sodium chloride (NaCl), what kind of ions are present?

Both cations and anions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes ions?

Ions can be formed from atoms that lose or gain electrons. Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental building block of all matter?

Atom Signup and view all the answers

How is atomic radius typically measured?

Nanometres Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the size of an atom compared to everyday objects?

Atoms are smaller than we can imagine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between meters and nanometers?

1 m = 10⁶ nm Signup and view all the answers

How many atoms, approximately, would make a layer as thick as a sheet of paper?

Millions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Compounds and Ions

Compounds made of metals and nonmetals contain charged entities called ions.
Ions can be single atoms or groups of atoms with a net charge.
Ions exist as either negatively charged or positively charged entities.
Negatively charged ions are termed 'anions.'
Positively charged ions are referred to as 'cations.'

Example: Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

Sodium chloride is composed of sodium ions and chloride ions.
Sodium ions are positively charged (Na+).
Chloride ions are negatively charged (Cl-).
The interaction of these ions results in the formation of the neutral compound NaCl.

Building Blocks of Matter

Atoms serve as the fundamental building blocks of all matter, similar to how a mason uses bricks to construct walls.
Comparative examples include the small grains of sand that form an ant-hill, emphasizing that even seemingly insignificant units contribute to larger structures.

Size of Atoms

Atoms are exceedingly small, eluding comparison with larger objects; countless atoms stacked together would only equal the thickness of a standard sheet of paper.
The measurement of atomic radius is conducted in nanometres, providing a precise scale for these tiny particles.

Conversion of Units

1/10°m equals 1 nanometre (nm), illustrating how minute atomic dimensions are.
1 metre (m) is equivalent to 10° nanometres, reinforcing the vast difference in scale between everyday measurements and atomic size.

Description

Explore the basics of ionic compounds and their charged species in this quiz. You'll learn about anions, cations, and their roles in compounds such as sodium chloride. Test your knowledge of how metals and nonmetals interact at the ionic level.