Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does a reactive result from a nonstress test indicate?
What does a reactive result from a nonstress test indicate?
Which of the following is NOT one of the five areas evaluated in a biophysical profile?
Which of the following is NOT one of the five areas evaluated in a biophysical profile?
What is the scoring system used in a biophysical profile?
What is the scoring system used in a biophysical profile?
What might a nonreactive result from a nonstress test indicate?
What might a nonreactive result from a nonstress test indicate?
Signup and view all the answers
What tool is used during an ultrasound exam in a biophysical profile?
What tool is used during an ultrasound exam in a biophysical profile?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common symptom of hyperemesis gravidarum?
What is a common symptom of hyperemesis gravidarum?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is NOT a type of abortion?
Which condition is NOT a type of abortion?
Signup and view all the answers
What initial nursing management is appropriate for a patient experiencing symptoms of an abortion?
What initial nursing management is appropriate for a patient experiencing symptoms of an abortion?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a warning sign of pregnancy that should be reported immediately?
Which of the following is a warning sign of pregnancy that should be reported immediately?
Signup and view all the answers
In the case of an ectopic pregnancy, which symptom is most likely to indicate rupture?
In the case of an ectopic pregnancy, which symptom is most likely to indicate rupture?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition is characterized by a fertilized ovum implanted outside the uterine cavity?
What condition is characterized by a fertilized ovum implanted outside the uterine cavity?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an essential component of the treatment strategy for hyperemesis gravidarum?
What is an essential component of the treatment strategy for hyperemesis gravidarum?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is correct?
Which of the following statements about vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is correct?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of an ultrasound in early pregnancy?
What is the primary purpose of an ultrasound in early pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is considered a normal kick count result after two hours?
What is considered a normal kick count result after two hours?
Signup and view all the answers
What does an Alpha Feto Protein (AFP) test help screen for?
What does an Alpha Feto Protein (AFP) test help screen for?
Signup and view all the answers
At what gestational age is amniocentesis typically performed?
At what gestational age is amniocentesis typically performed?
Signup and view all the answers
How is a non-stress test performed?
How is a non-stress test performed?
Signup and view all the answers
What can an ultrasound help to diagnose in relation to pregnancy?
What can an ultrasound help to diagnose in relation to pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is assessed through amniocentesis?
Which of the following is assessed through amniocentesis?
Signup and view all the answers
What role do kick counts play in fetal monitoring?
What role do kick counts play in fetal monitoring?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic feature of a complete hydatiform mole?
What is a characteristic feature of a complete hydatiform mole?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the classic signs of a partial hydatiform mole?
What is one of the classic signs of a partial hydatiform mole?
Signup and view all the answers
What nursing management would be essential after surgery for a hydatiform mole?
What nursing management would be essential after surgery for a hydatiform mole?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor for placenta previa?
Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor for placenta previa?
Signup and view all the answers
How is a complete hydatiform mole typically treated surgically?
How is a complete hydatiform mole typically treated surgically?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common symptom of placenta previa during the last half of pregnancy?
What is a common symptom of placenta previa during the last half of pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following complications is associated with hydatiform moles?
Which of the following complications is associated with hydatiform moles?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main focus of nursing management post-operation for a patient with a hydatiform mole?
What is the main focus of nursing management post-operation for a patient with a hydatiform mole?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of medical management for a patient with placenta previa?
What is the primary goal of medical management for a patient with placenta previa?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of placenta previa completely covers the internal os of the cervix?
Which type of placenta previa completely covers the internal os of the cervix?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a significant risk factor associated with abruptio placenta?
What is a significant risk factor associated with abruptio placenta?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of abruptio placenta involves the center of the placenta separating with no apparent vaginal bleeding?
Which type of abruptio placenta involves the center of the placenta separating with no apparent vaginal bleeding?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common pharmacological treatment given to accelerate fetal maturity in cases of placenta previa?
What is a common pharmacological treatment given to accelerate fetal maturity in cases of placenta previa?
Signup and view all the answers
In cases of complete abruptio placenta, what type of bleeding is typically observed?
In cases of complete abruptio placenta, what type of bleeding is typically observed?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a nursing management action for a patient experiencing abruptio placenta?
Which of the following is a nursing management action for a patient experiencing abruptio placenta?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be done if a patient with placenta previa begins to experience bleeding?
What should be done if a patient with placenta previa begins to experience bleeding?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Complications of Pregnancy
- Fetal Assessment: Includes ultrasound, kick count, alpha-fetoprotein, amniocentesis, non-stress test, and biophysical profile.
Ultrasound
- Used to visualize gestational sac for pregnancy confirmation.
- Identifies implantation site, fetal viability (alive or dead).
- Verifies multiple pregnancies (e.g., twins, triplets).
- Diagnoses fetal structural abnormalities.
- Locates placenta, measures amniotic fluid.
- Observes fetal movements.
- Determines estimated date of birth (EDB) in early pregnancy (7-14 weeks).
- Accurate EDB estimations are made using crown-rump length after 12 weeks and femur length.
Kick Count
- Performed by pregnant woman lying on her side, 1 hour after a meal, to count fetal movements.
- A daily record maintained for high-risk women.
- Minimum of 6 fetal movements in 2 hours are expected.
Alpha Feto Protein (AFP)
- Blood test measuring AFP levels to check for possible fetal problems like spina bifida or anencephaly.
- Performed as a screening test for other chromosomal conditions (e.g., Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome).
- Gastroschisis (intestines sticking out of belly) can also be detected through AFP.
Amniocentesis
- A thin needle inserted through the abdominal and uterine walls to collect amniotic fluid for analysis.
- Performed at 15-17 weeks gestation.
- Identifies chromosomal and biochemical disorders in early pregnancy.
- Assesses fetal lung maturity in late pregnancy
Non-Stress Test
- Measures fetal heart rate in response to fetal movement.
- No actions are performed to induce stress on the fetus.
- Performed in a health care setting (e.g., hospital, clinic).
- Nonreactive results may be caused by the fetus sleeping or medications the pregnant woman is on.
- A reactive test has two or more accelerations within 20 minutes.
Biophysical Profile (BPP)
- Evaluates fetal well-being via a scoring system encompassing 5 aspects.
- Scores can range from 0-2 per aspect, with a total possible score of 10.
- Utilized when results of other tests are non-reassuring.
Danger Signs in Pregnancy
- Any vaginal bleeding
- Facial/finger swelling
- Severe/continuous headaches
- Vision changes
- Abdominal pain
- Chills/fever
- Persistent vomiting
- Sudden fluid gush from vagina
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
- Excessive nausea and vomiting that interferes with food/fluid intake
- Treatment addresses dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and medications.
- Nursing care is a component of treatment.
Bleeding Complications
- Abortion: Includes Threatened, Inevitable, Incomplete, and Complete abortion types.
- Ectopic pregnancy: Occurs when the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube.
- Hydatiform mole/Molar pregnancy: A gestational trophoblastic disease where abnormal tissue growth occurs instead of a fetus.
Abortion Management
- Symptoms: Cramping and backache with light spotting.
- Medical/Surgical management involves ultrasound, D&E, and limit to activity.
- Nursing management includes providing privacy, sympathy, assessing bleeding/vitals, education.
Placenta Previa
- The placenta implants in the lower uterine segment, potentially obstructing the cervix.
- Symptoms include painless bleeding, often in the second/third trimester.
Placenta Previa cont'd
- Medical Management prioritizes maintaining pregnancy until the fetus is viable.
- Diagnosis uses ultrasound.
- Surgical intervention (C-section) is possible if maternal or fetal complications arise.
Abruptio Placenta
- Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall.
- Can cause significant prenatal complications and potential mortality.
- Potential causes include maternal hypertension, trauma, and drug use.
- Type classification: Central, Marginal, or Complete.
Abruptio Placenta cont'd
- Medical interventions include IV fluids, blood type and matching, and possible RH sensitization.
- Surgical intervention (C-section), potentially.
- Treatment with drugs like Rhogam.
- Nursing care involves monitoring vital signs for maternal bleeding and pain.
Gestational Hypertension (PIH)
- Elevated blood pressure during pregnancy after 20 weeks gestation.
- May progress to severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, or HELLP syndrome.
Gestational Hypertension (PIH) - cont
- Symptoms include hypertension, edema, and proteinuria.
- Risk factors include age, obesity, or pre-existing hypertension.
- Medical goals are to control blood pressure, prevent convulsions, and ensure a healthy delivery.
Gestational Diabetes
- Insulin requirements increase during pregnancy.
- Increased insulin resistance and breakdown speed.
- Diagnosis and management involve monitoring blood glucose and providing appropriate treatment (e.g., hypoglycemics).
Rubella
- Mild viral disease.
- Early pregnancy rubella can affect fetal development.
- More severe problems if maternal rubella is acquired later in pregnancy.
- Vaccination is essential to prevent fetal infections.
Preterm Labor
- Labor that starts before 37 weeks of pregnancy.
- Several causes, either maternal, fetal or placental factors.
- Medical intervention may include monitoring and pharmacological treatment for labor.
- Nursing care includes monitoring vital signs and fetal heart rate (FHR).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on the various complications of pregnancy, including fetal assessments like ultrasounds and kick counts. Learn about the significance of tests such as Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) in identifying fetal abnormalities. This quiz covers essential aspects of monitoring and assessing fetal well-being during pregnancy.
