Complications of Pregnancy Quiz
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What does a reactive result from a nonstress test indicate?

  • The woman has taken medications affecting the test.
  • The fetus is not getting enough oxygen.
  • The fetus is asleep during the test.
  • There are two or more accelerations in fetal heart rate. (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the five areas evaluated in a biophysical profile?

  • Amount of amniotic fluid
  • Fetal body weight (correct)
  • Fetal muscle tone
  • Fetal heart rate

    • What is the scoring system used in a biophysical profile?

  • Each area is scored with a maximum of 3 points.
  • Each area is assigned either 0 or 2 points. (correct)
  • Scores are averaged for a total out of 20 points.
  • Scores range from 0 to 5.

    • What might a nonreactive result from a nonstress test indicate?

    <p>The fetus may not be receiving adequate oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tool is used during an ultrasound exam in a biophysical profile?

    <p>Transducer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Excessive nausea and vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT a type of abortion?

    <p>Chronic abortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initial nursing management is appropriate for a patient experiencing symptoms of an abortion?

    <p>Promotion of grief expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a warning sign of pregnancy that should be reported immediately?

    <p>Vision changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of an ectopic pregnancy, which symptom is most likely to indicate rupture?

    <p>Sudden severe lower abdominal pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by a fertilized ovum implanted outside the uterine cavity?

    <p>Ectopic pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential component of the treatment strategy for hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Correcting dehydration and electrolyte imbalances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is correct?

    <p>It can occur without any significant issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an ultrasound in early pregnancy?

    <p>Confirm pregnancy and visualize the gestational sac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a normal kick count result after two hours?

    <p>6-10 movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an Alpha Feto Protein (AFP) test help screen for?

    <p>Spina bifida and Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what gestational age is amniocentesis typically performed?

    <p>15-17 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a non-stress test performed?

    <p>By measuring fetal heart rate response to movement without inducing stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can an ultrasound help to diagnose in relation to pregnancy?

    <p>Fetal structural abnormalities and the location of the placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is assessed through amniocentesis?

    <p>Chromosome abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do kick counts play in fetal monitoring?

    <p>They help assess fetal movements and well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of a complete hydatiform mole?

    <p>Fluid-filled cystic villi with no embryonic tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the classic signs of a partial hydatiform mole?

    <p>Severe hyperemesis gravidarum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing management would be essential after surgery for a hydatiform mole?

    <p>Monitoring for vaginal bleeding and HCG levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor for placenta previa?

    <p>Low maternal age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a complete hydatiform mole typically treated surgically?

    <p>Hysterectomy if the client desires no future fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of placenta previa during the last half of pregnancy?

    <p>Painless bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following complications is associated with hydatiform moles?

    <p>Choriocarcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of nursing management post-operation for a patient with a hydatiform mole?

    <p>Monitoring for signs of infection and bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of medical management for a patient with placenta previa?

    <p>To maintain the pregnancy until fetal maturity is reached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of placenta previa completely covers the internal os of the cervix?

    <p>Complete or total placenta previa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant risk factor associated with abruptio placenta?

    <p>Maternal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of abruptio placenta involves the center of the placenta separating with no apparent vaginal bleeding?

    <p>Central abruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common pharmacological treatment given to accelerate fetal maturity in cases of placenta previa?

    <p>Celestone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cases of complete abruptio placenta, what type of bleeding is typically observed?

    <p>Profuse bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a nursing management action for a patient experiencing abruptio placenta?

    <p>Monitoring fetal activity and maternal VS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a patient with placenta previa begins to experience bleeding?

    <p>Initiate complete bed rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Complications of Pregnancy

    • Fetal Assessment: Includes ultrasound, kick count, alpha-fetoprotein, amniocentesis, non-stress test, and biophysical profile.

    Ultrasound

    • Used to visualize gestational sac for pregnancy confirmation.
    • Identifies implantation site, fetal viability (alive or dead).
    • Verifies multiple pregnancies (e.g., twins, triplets).
    • Diagnoses fetal structural abnormalities.
    • Locates placenta, measures amniotic fluid.
    • Observes fetal movements.
    • Determines estimated date of birth (EDB) in early pregnancy (7-14 weeks).
    • Accurate EDB estimations are made using crown-rump length after 12 weeks and femur length.

    Kick Count

    • Performed by pregnant woman lying on her side, 1 hour after a meal, to count fetal movements.
    • A daily record maintained for high-risk women.
    • Minimum of 6 fetal movements in 2 hours are expected.

    Alpha Feto Protein (AFP)

    • Blood test measuring AFP levels to check for possible fetal problems like spina bifida or anencephaly.
    • Performed as a screening test for other chromosomal conditions (e.g., Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome).
    • Gastroschisis (intestines sticking out of belly) can also be detected through AFP.

    Amniocentesis

    • A thin needle inserted through the abdominal and uterine walls to collect amniotic fluid for analysis.
    • Performed at 15-17 weeks gestation.
    • Identifies chromosomal and biochemical disorders in early pregnancy.
    • Assesses fetal lung maturity in late pregnancy

    Non-Stress Test

    • Measures fetal heart rate in response to fetal movement.
    • No actions are performed to induce stress on the fetus.
    • Performed in a health care setting (e.g., hospital, clinic).
    • Nonreactive results may be caused by the fetus sleeping or medications the pregnant woman is on.
    • A reactive test has two or more accelerations within 20 minutes.

    Biophysical Profile (BPP)

    • Evaluates fetal well-being via a scoring system encompassing 5 aspects.
    • Scores can range from 0-2 per aspect, with a total possible score of 10.
    • Utilized when results of other tests are non-reassuring.

    Danger Signs in Pregnancy

    • Any vaginal bleeding
    • Facial/finger swelling
    • Severe/continuous headaches
    • Vision changes
    • Abdominal pain
    • Chills/fever
    • Persistent vomiting
    • Sudden fluid gush from vagina

    Hyperemesis Gravidarum

    • Excessive nausea and vomiting that interferes with food/fluid intake
    • Treatment addresses dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and medications.
    • Nursing care is a component of treatment.

    Bleeding Complications

    • Abortion: Includes Threatened, Inevitable, Incomplete, and Complete abortion types.
    • Ectopic pregnancy: Occurs when the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube.
    • Hydatiform mole/Molar pregnancy: A gestational trophoblastic disease where abnormal tissue growth occurs instead of a fetus.

    Abortion Management

    • Symptoms: Cramping and backache with light spotting.
    • Medical/Surgical management involves ultrasound, D&E, and limit to activity.
    • Nursing management includes providing privacy, sympathy, assessing bleeding/vitals, education.

    Placenta Previa

    • The placenta implants in the lower uterine segment, potentially obstructing the cervix.
    • Symptoms include painless bleeding, often in the second/third trimester.

    Placenta Previa cont'd

    • Medical Management prioritizes maintaining pregnancy until the fetus is viable.
    • Diagnosis uses ultrasound.
    • Surgical intervention (C-section) is possible if maternal or fetal complications arise.

    Abruptio Placenta

    • Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall.
    • Can cause significant prenatal complications and potential mortality.
    • Potential causes include maternal hypertension, trauma, and drug use.
    • Type classification: Central, Marginal, or Complete.

    Abruptio Placenta cont'd

    • Medical interventions include IV fluids, blood type and matching, and possible RH sensitization.
    • Surgical intervention (C-section), potentially.
    • Treatment with drugs like Rhogam.
    • Nursing care involves monitoring vital signs for maternal bleeding and pain.

    Gestational Hypertension (PIH)

    • Elevated blood pressure during pregnancy after 20 weeks gestation.
    • May progress to severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, or HELLP syndrome.

    Gestational Hypertension (PIH) - cont

    • Symptoms include hypertension, edema, and proteinuria.
    • Risk factors include age, obesity, or pre-existing hypertension.
    • Medical goals are to control blood pressure, prevent convulsions, and ensure a healthy delivery.

    Gestational Diabetes

    • Insulin requirements increase during pregnancy.
    • Increased insulin resistance and breakdown speed.
    • Diagnosis and management involve monitoring blood glucose and providing appropriate treatment (e.g., hypoglycemics).

    Rubella

    • Mild viral disease.
    • Early pregnancy rubella can affect fetal development.
    • More severe problems if maternal rubella is acquired later in pregnancy.
    • Vaccination is essential to prevent fetal infections.

    Preterm Labor

    • Labor that starts before 37 weeks of pregnancy.
    • Several causes, either maternal, fetal or placental factors.
    • Medical intervention may include monitoring and pharmacological treatment for labor.
    • Nursing care includes monitoring vital signs and fetal heart rate (FHR).

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    Related Documents

    Week 3 Teacher Complications of Pregnancy (1).pptx PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the various complications of pregnancy, including fetal assessments like ultrasounds and kick counts. Learn about the significance of tests such as Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) in identifying fetal abnormalities. This quiz covers essential aspects of monitoring and assessing fetal well-being during pregnancy.

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