L3 Compliance and Work of Breathing
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors decreases the work of breathing?

  • Bronchial asthma
  • Decreased intrapleural pressure (correct)
  • Chest deformity
  • Lung diseases

Pulmonary compliance increases in which of the following conditions?

  • Chest deformity
  • Lung fibrosis
  • Emphysema (correct)
  • Obesity

Which of the following is NOT a cause of increased work of breathing?

  • Decreased airway resistance (correct)
  • Increased surface tension due to decreased surfactant secretion
  • Diseases of the lung
  • Narrowing of the air passages

What is the definition of pulmonary compliance?

<p>The change in lung volume per unit change in transpulmonary pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hysteresis in the context of the pressure-volume loop?

<p>The difference in the shape of the pressure-volume loop between inspiration and expiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is accompanied by decreased pulmonary compliance?

<p>Lung fibrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of airway resistance?

<p>The change in airflow per unit change in transpulmonary pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors increases airway resistance?

<p>Bronchial asthma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the total work of breathing is attributed to overcoming airway resistance?

<p>28% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the intrapleural pressure?

<p>To provide the driving force for breathing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is surfactant secreted from?

<p>Alveolar epithelial cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of surfactant?

<p>To reduce the work of breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of compliance?

<p>The ratio between the change in volume and the change in distending pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hysteresis?

<p>The relationship between pressure and volume during inspiration and expiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is associated with increased lung compliance?

<p>Emphysema (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can decrease thoracic wall compliance?

<p>Deformity of the thoracic wall, arthritis, and skeletal muscle diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that increases airway resistance?

<p>Increased airway diameter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the parasympathetic nervous system have on the bronchial smooth muscle?

<p>Contraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does bronchodilation affect airway resistance?

<p>Decreases resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the work of breathing involves overcoming the viscosity of lung and chest wall structures?

<p>Tissue resistance work (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of bronchoconstriction on air flow?

<p>Decreases air flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is epinephrine injected to treat bronchial asthma?

<p>To cause bronchodilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for 65% of the work of breathing?

<p>Elastic work (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes bronchial constriction?

<p>Parasympathetic nervous system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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