18 Questions
What is the primary function of a parser in the syntax analysis phase?
To verify that the tokens generated by the lexical analyzer are grouped according to the syntax rules of the language
What is the purpose of a parse tree in syntax analysis?
To represent the syntactic structure of program statements
What is the name of the popular format used to write Context-Free Grammars (CFGs)?
BNF (Backus-Naur Form)
What is the role of the '→' symbol in BNF grammar rules?
Indicating productions
What is the implication of the indentation of the else-part in the given code?
An else-part should always be associated with the nearest if-statement that does not yet have an associated else-part
What is the purpose of using brackets { } in C to resolve the dangling else problem?
To force all else-parts to be matched as soon as possible
What is the result of parsing a string that does not conform to the grammar rules of the language?
The parser detects and reports a syntax error
What is the main difference between leftmost and rightmost derivation?
In leftmost derivation, the leftmost non-terminal is replaced at each step, whereas in rightmost derivation, the rightmost non-terminal is replaced at each step.
What is the start symbol in the given BNF grammar rules?
exp
What is the characteristic of a matched statement in the context of the dangling else problem?
It is an if-else statement containing no open statements, or it is any other kind of unconditional statement
What is the purpose of a parse tree?
To summarize the derivation of a sentence without specifying the order in which rules were applied
What is the main characteristic of an abstract syntax tree (AST)?
It is a condensed form of a parse tree with operators at internal nodes
What is the dangling else problem in the context of parser design?
A situation where an else-part can be associated with multiple if-statements
What is the term for a grammar that can produce more than one parse tree for a given sentence?
Ambiguous grammar
What is the purpose of the parse tree for the unambiguous grammar in the context of the dangling else problem?
To illustrate the most closely nested rule for the dangling else problem
What is the role of the parser in handling the dangling else problem?
To use the most closely nested rule to resolve the ambiguity
What is the main purpose of a parser design?
To analyze the syntax of a sentence and produce a parse tree
What is the term for a situation where a grammar can produce more than one possible parse tree for a given sentence?
Ambiguous grammar
This quiz covers the basics of syntax analysis, also known as parsing, including the role of the parser and the construction of parse trees. It introduces the concept of top-down and bottom-up parsing methods.
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