Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which phase of a compiler is responsible for dividing the source code into a stream of tokens?
Which phase of a compiler is responsible for dividing the source code into a stream of tokens?
- Lexical Analysis (correct)
- Semantic Analysis
- Code Generation
- Syntax Analysis
What is the primary difference between a Non-deterministic Finite Automaton (NFA) and a Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA)?
What is the primary difference between a Non-deterministic Finite Automaton (NFA) and a Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA)?
- DFAs can have multiple start states, while NFAs have only one
- DFAs are theoretical constructs, while NFAs are used in practical implementations
- NFAs have fewer states than DFAs
- NFAs can have multiple transitions for a single input, while DFAs have exactly one (correct)
Which of the following describes the role of a parser in the compilation process?
Which of the following describes the role of a parser in the compilation process?
- Constructing a parse tree representing the syntactic structure of the program. (correct)
- Verifying the correctness of the program's data types.
- Generating tokens from the input character stream.
- Converting source code into machine code.
What is the significance of LL(1) grammars in top-down parsing?
What is the significance of LL(1) grammars in top-down parsing?
Which of the following is a characteristic of ambiguous grammars?
Which of the following is a characteristic of ambiguous grammars?
In the context of lexical analysis, what is the purpose of a 'lexical analyzer generator'?
In the context of lexical analysis, what is the purpose of a 'lexical analyzer generator'?
What is the role of regular grammars in lexical analysis?
What is the role of regular grammars in lexical analysis?
During syntax analysis, what is the significance of 'parse trees'?
During syntax analysis, what is the significance of 'parse trees'?
In the context of top-down parsing, what action does 'recursive descent parsing' primarily rely on?
In the context of top-down parsing, what action does 'recursive descent parsing' primarily rely on?
What is the purpose of error reporting and recovery in syntax analysis?
What is the purpose of error reporting and recovery in syntax analysis?
Flashcards
Compilation
Compilation
The process of converting source code into executable code, typically involving lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, and code optimization.
Lexical Analysis
Lexical Analysis
The initial phase of compilation, where the source code is broken down into a stream of tokens by identifying keywords, identifiers, operators, and constants.
Finite Automata (FA)
Finite Automata (FA)
A mathematical model of computation that accepts or rejects strings of symbols. Used in lexical analysis to recognize patterns in the source code.
Non-deterministic Finite Automaton (NFA)
Non-deterministic Finite Automaton (NFA)
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Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA)
Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA)
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Regular Grammar
Regular Grammar
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Lexical Analyzer Generator
Lexical Analyzer Generator
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Lex and Flex
Lex and Flex
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Syntax Analysis
Syntax Analysis
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Context-Free Grammars (CFG)
Context-Free Grammars (CFG)
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Study Notes
- Compilation is comprised of various phases that transform source code into executable code
Lexical Analysis
- Converts a stream of characters into a stream of tokens
- NFAs and DFAs are finite state machines used in lexical analysis
- Regular grammar describes the structure of tokens
- Lexical analyzer is designed to recognize and extract tokens from source code
- Lex and flex are tools to generate lexical analyzers
Syntax Analysis
- Involves parsing tokens to determine the structure of the source code
- Context-free grammars describe the structure of programming languages
- Context-free languages are generated by context-free grammars
- Parse trees and derivations represent the syntactic structure based on the grammar
- Ambiguous grammar allows multiple parse trees for the same input
Top-Down Parsing
- Constructs a parse tree from the root to the leaves
- Recursive descent parsing uses recursive functions to parse the input
- LL(1) grammars are a class of context-free grammars suitable for top-down parsing
- Non-recursive predictive parsing uses a parsing table to guide the parsing process
- Error reporting and recovery handle syntax errors during parsing
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