Instrument pilot pt.1
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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of the FAA requirement to report the inability to climb/descend at least 500 ft.per minute?

  • It is a requirement for the FAA instrument rating (correct)
  • It is necessary for safe vertical separation of airplanes above 18,000ft MSL
  • It is necessary for altitude computations
  • It is a required instrument for IFR flight

    • What is the effect of an increase in outside air temperature during a flight at constant power and a constant indicated altitude?

  • The TAS and true altitude will remain the same
  • The TAS and true altitude will increase (correct)
  • The TAS and true altitude will decrease
  • The TAS will increase but the true altitude will remain the same

    • What is indicated by the thin needle with a flared triangular tip on an altimeter?

  • 1 ft interval
  • 1,000 ft intervals
  • 100 ft intervals
  • 10,000 ft intervals (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the altimeter setting dial?

    <p>To adjust for changes in air pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the local altimeter setting?

    <p>It is used to ensure accurate separation of aircraft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the altimeter setting is adjusted to 29.92 inches of mercury?

    <p>The pressure altitude will equal the true altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of flying in colder than standard air on an airplane's altitude?

    <p>The airplane will be at a lower altitude than indicated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of listening to electric gyroscopes for unusual noises?

    <p>To detect any mechanical failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the altimeter indicating the true altitude at the field elevation?

    <p>It is necessary for accurate altitude computations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary direction from which a compass turning error occurs in the northern hemisphere?

    <p>Northerly or southerly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the pressure lowers on route during a flight?

    <p>The altimeter will register a higher altitude than the actual altitude until the altimeter is adjusted for the new setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When turning from a northerly heading, what will the compass initially indicate?

    <p>A turn in the opposite direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the airspeed indicator when both the pitot tube and drain hole are blocked?

    <p>It acts as an altimeter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect on indicated airspeed during a climb?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the static pressure if an alternate static source is vented inside an unpressurized airplane?

    <p>It becomes lower than outside pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect on the vertical speed indicator if the alternate static source is vented inside an unpressurized airplane?

    <p>It shows a climb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect on the altimeter if the alternate static source is vented inside an unpressurized airplane?

    <p>It reads higher than actual altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the airspeed indicator if the pitot tube becomes clogged with ice during flights?

    <p>It shows a higher airspeed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the pressure of the air locked in the pitot tube and the static air vent pressure during climbs?

    <p>The pitot tube pressure is higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At a given altitude, what is the effect on indicated airspeed if airspeed changes?

    <p>It remains the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental principle behind the gyro's resistance to deflection?

    <p>The principle of inertia, based on two of Newton's laws of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the heading indicator?

    <p>To display the aircraft's magnetic heading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked prior to IFR flight on the attitude indicator?

    <p>The horizon bar's stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended control pressure when using the attitude indicator for pitch corrections?

    <p>Light and gentle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum allowable movement of the horizon bar above or below the miniature aircraft during pitch corrections?

    <p>One-half bar width</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of precession error can cause the attitude indicator to incorrectly indicate a descent?

    <p>Deceleration precession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of acceleration on the attitude indicator's pitch indication?

    <p>It causes the indicator to show a climb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the precession error on the attitude indicator greatest?

    <p>When rolling out of a 180° turn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the miniature aircraft on the attitude indicator when the airplane returns to straight and level flight after a 180° turn?

    <p>It shows a slight climb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not affected by precession errors on the attitude indicator?

    <p>Pitch indication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Compass Turning Error

    • Compass turning error occurs when turning from a northerly or southerly heading in the northern hemisphere
    • When turning from a northerly heading, the compass will lag and initially indicate a turn in the opposite direction
    • When turning to the east, the compass will initially indicate a turn to the west and then lag behind the actual heading until the airplane is headed east
    • When turning from a southerly heading, the compass will lead the turn
    • No turning errors occur when turning from or through an easterly or westerly heading (at 90° and 270° headings)

    Pitot-Static System

    • If the pitot tube and drain hole are blocked, the airspeed indicator acts like an altimeter
    • At a given altitude, airspeed changes do not affect the indicated airspeed
    • During climbs, the indicated airspeed will increase
    • During descents, the indicated airspeed will decrease
    • These changes occur due to the differential between the pressure of the air locked in the pitot tube and the static air vent pressure

    Alternate Static Source

    • If an alternate static source is vented inside an unpressurized airplane, the static pressure is usually lower than outside pressure due to the venturi effect
    • Three things will happen:
      • The ASI will indicate a faster than actual airspeed
      • The vertical speed indicator will momentarily show a climb
      • The altimeter will read higher than the actual altitude

    Altimeter

    • An altimeter indicates the true altitude at the field elevation if the local altimeter setting is used in an accurate altimeter
    • The altimeter indicates altitude in relation to the pressure level set in the barometric window
    • Altitudes are measured in 10,000 ft intervals, 1,000 ft intervals, and 100 ft intervals
    • Atmospheric pressure decreases about 1 inch Hg for every 1000 ft of altitude
    • The altimeter setting dial allows adjustment for non-standard pressure

    Gyroscopes

    • Electric gyroscopes should be listened to for unusual noises after the battery is turned on but before the engine has started
    • Gyroscopes are resistant to deflection due to 2 of Newton's laws of motion:
      • A body at rest will continue at rest, and a body in motion will continue in motion in a straight line until acted upon by an outside force
      • Deflection of a moving body is proportional to the deflective force applied and inversely proportional to the mass of the body

    Heading Indicator

    • The heading indicator should be set to the correct magnetic heading 5 mins after the engine is started
    • Prior to takeoff, check the heading indicator to ensure it maintains the correct heading after taxi turns

    Attitude Indicator

    • Prior to IFR flight, check the horizon bar, which should be erect and stable within 5 mins of engine warm-up
    • The horizon bar should not tilt more than 5 degrees when making taxi turns
    • When using the attitude indicator for pitch corrections, control pressures should be extremely light

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    Description

    This quiz tests your knowledge of compass errors that occur when turning from a northerly or southerly heading in the northern hemisphere. Learn about lag and lead effects on compass readings during turns. Useful for pilots and aviation students.

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