CH 2: Comparison of Mitosis and Meiosis

Which process involves the formation of four daughter cells?

Meiosis (correct)
Mitosis
Karyokinesis
Cytokinesis

Which process contributes to genetic diversity by allowing crossing over to occur?

Meiosis (correct)
Cytokinesis
Mitosis
Karyokinesis

In which process do daughter cells have the same genetic information as the parent cell?

Cytokinesis
Mitosis (correct)
Meiosis
Karyokinesis

Which process occurs in body cells for growth and maintenance purposes?

Mitosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many rounds of cell division occur during meiosis?

Two (A) Signup and view all the answers

During prophase, how do chromosomes behave differently in mitosis compared to meiosis I?

In mitosis, chromosomes do not form pairs, while in meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up (D) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during anaphase in mitosis as opposed to meiosis I?

In mitosis, centromeres split and chromatids move to opposite poles; in meiosis I, whole chromosomes are pulled to poles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes telophase outcomes between mitosis and meiosis I?

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells; meiosis I results in two haploid daughter cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does Meiosis II differ from Meiosis I and resemble mitosis?

Meiosis II resembles mitosis for haploid cells because of the separation of sister chromatids (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the differentiation between Meiosis II and Mitosis important for genetic diversity?

Because Meiosis II ensures that offspring inherit a mix of genetic material from both parents (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the division of cells in mitosis and meiosis?

Karyokinesis occurs once in mitosis but twice in meiosis. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which process does not involve crossing over, leading to genetic recombination?

Mitosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant difference in the genetic content of daughter cells produced by mitosis compared to meiosis?

Daughter cells in mitosis are genetically identical, whereas those in meiosis are genetically different. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which key aspect of cell division contributes significantly to genetic diversity among produced gametes?

Crossing over during chromosome alignment (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the chromosome number halved during meiosis but remains constant in mitosis?

To maintain species-specific chromosome numbers (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of mitosis and meiosis in the life cycle of organisms?

Mitosis is key for growth and maintenance while meiosis plays a critical role in reproduction and genetic diversity. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of cell division is responsible for ensuring that daughter cells are genetically different from each other and from the parent cell?

Anaphase (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference in chromosome behavior during metaphase between mitosis and meiosis I?

Individual chromosomes line up on the equator in mitosis, while homologous chromosome pairs line up in meiosis I (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does anaphase in mitosis differ from anaphase in meiosis I?

In mitosis, centromeres split and chromatids move to opposite poles; in meiosis I, whole chromosomes are pulled to poles (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of telophase in mitosis compared to meiosis I?

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis I results in two haploid daughter cells with non-identical genetic material (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why does the second division in meiosis (Meiosis II) resemble mitosis for haploid cells?

Because starting cells for Meiosis II are haploid from the previous division (Meiosis I) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What contributes significantly to biological diversity and reproduction by ensuring a mix of genetic material from both parents?

The pairing of homologous chromosomes during metaphase in meiosis I (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the outcome of Meiosis II?

It results in two haploid daughter cells that are genetically identical (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which phase do whole chromosomes split and move to opposite poles during cell division?

Anaphase in mitosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the behavior of chromosomes during prophase in mitosis from prophase in meiosis I?

In prophase of mitosis, chromosomes form pairs while homologous chromosomes pair up in prophase of meiosis I (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of the chromosome behavior during anaphase in mitosis compared to anaphase I in meiosis?

Sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles in mitosis, while homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles in meiosis I. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key similarity between karyokinesis in mitosis and meiosis?

Karyokinesis occurs twice in both processes. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the genetic variation found among the formed gametes?

The occurrence of crossing over (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does the behavior of chromosomes during prophase differ in mitosis compared to prophase I of meiosis?

Chromosomes condense and become visible as two sister chromatids in mitosis, while homologous chromosomes pair up in meiosis I. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical difference between the daughter cells produced by mitosis compared to those produced by meiosis?

Daughter cells from mitosis are genetically identical while those from meiosis are different. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of cytokinesis in cell division?

Cytokinesis splits the cytoplasm resulting in two distinct daughter cells. (D) Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of cell division does crossing over occur, contributing to genetic variability?

Prophase (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference in the behavior of chromosomes during telophase in mitosis and meiosis I?

In mitosis, chromosomes move to opposite poles individually, whereas in meiosis I, whole chromosomes move to poles. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the role of anaphase in mitosis from anaphase in meiosis I?

In mitosis, chromatids are pulled to poles, while in meiosis I, whole chromosomes are pulled. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the outcome of metaphase for mitosis compared to meiosis I?

In mitosis, individual chromosomes align at the equator while homologous pairs do so in meiosis I. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What contributes significantly to biological diversity by ensuring offspring inherit a mix of genetic material from both parents?

Homologous chromosome pairing during metaphase (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does the division of cells during prophase differ between mitosis and meiosis I?

In mitosis, chromosomes do not pair up, while they do so in meiosis I. (C) Signup and view all the answers

During cell division, how do daughter cells produced by mitosis differ from those produced by meiosis I?

Mitosis results in diploid daughter cells, while Meiosis I produces haploid daughter cells. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial aspect of the second division (Meiosis II) that ensures genetic variation among produced gametes?

The starting cells are haploid from Meiosis I. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during Metaphase that differentiates between mitosis and Meiosis I?

In mitosis, chromosomes are not paired at the equator, whereas homologous pairs are in Meiosis I. (C) Signup and view all the answers