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What is the main characteristic of vestigial organs?
What is the main characteristic of vestigial organs?
What is an example of a vestigial organ in humans?
What is an example of a vestigial organ in humans?
What is the term for the sudden appearance of vestigial organs in highly evolved organisms?
What is the term for the sudden appearance of vestigial organs in highly evolved organisms?
What is the significance of the structure and function of organelles in eukaryotic cells?
What is the significance of the structure and function of organelles in eukaryotic cells?
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What is the result of mixing blood from evolutionarily close animals?
What is the result of mixing blood from evolutionarily close animals?
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Which of the following is an example of evidence from comparative anatomy?
Which of the following is an example of evidence from comparative anatomy?
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What is the significance of the presence of human ABO blood types in other primates?
What is the significance of the presence of human ABO blood types in other primates?
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What is the term for organs that have a similar structure and function in different species?
What is the term for organs that have a similar structure and function in different species?
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What do fossils support according to the concept of biological evolution?
What do fossils support according to the concept of biological evolution?
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What is the classification of living organisms based on?
What is the classification of living organisms based on?
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What is the ancestor of algae and plants according to the evolutionary history?
What is the ancestor of algae and plants according to the evolutionary history?
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What is the fundamental unit of life, which is the same in all eukaryotic cells?
What is the fundamental unit of life, which is the same in all eukaryotic cells?
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What is the result of mixing blood from evolutionarily close animals?
What is the result of mixing blood from evolutionarily close animals?
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What is the characteristic of the evolution of animals from prokaryotes?
What is the characteristic of the evolution of animals from prokaryotes?
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What is the significance of a tadpole's excretion of ammonia?
What is the significance of a tadpole's excretion of ammonia?
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What is the term for the study of fossils that provides evidence for biological evolution?
What is the term for the study of fossils that provides evidence for biological evolution?
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What type of evidences are provided by the study of fossils and comparative anatomy?
What type of evidences are provided by the study of fossils and comparative anatomy?
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What is the main purpose of genome sequencing in the study of evolution?
What is the main purpose of genome sequencing in the study of evolution?
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What is the term for organs that are similar in structure and function between different species, but have different functions?
What is the term for organs that are similar in structure and function between different species, but have different functions?
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What is the term for organs that are present in a reduced or vestigial form, but have lost their original function?
What is the term for organs that are present in a reduced or vestigial form, but have lost their original function?
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Study Notes
Evidences from Comparative Anatomy
- Vestigial organs are remnants of functional organs in ancestors that have lost their function in descendants
- Examples:
- Appendix in humans, which was functional for digestion in ancient herbivorous humans, but lost its function as humans started eating easily digestible food
- Wisdom teeth (3rd molar) in humans, which are fully developed and functional in other primates
- Atavistic organs are vestigial organs that suddenly appear in highly evolved organisms
- Example: Tailed human babies, resembling primate ancestors
Evidences from Cell and Molecular Biology
- The structure and function of organelles in all eukaryotic cells are the same, indicating a fundamental unit of life
- Blood precipitation test: Blood of evolutionarily close animals forms a precipitate when mixed together
- Human ABO blood types are also present in other primates (gorilla, orangutang, chimpanzee)
- Biochemical recapitulations: Developmental stages of an organism resemble those of its evolutionary ancestors
- Example: Tadpole (larval form of frog) excretes ammonia like fish, while adult frog excretes urea
- Genome sequencing reveals the evolutionary relationships between different species
Evidences from Palaeontology
- Fossils support the idea that life has gradually evolved on Earth
Evolution of Life on Earth
- Unicellular organisms evolved into multicellular organisms
- Evolution of plants from prokaryotes to multicellular organisms
- Evolution of animals from prokaryotes to invertebrates (insects, molluscs, crustaceans) and vertebrates
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Description
This quiz covers vestigial organs, organs that were functional in ancestors but non-functional or reduced in descendants. Examples include the appendix and wisdom teeth in humans.
