Community Medicine Course Outline
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Questions and Answers

What is the goal of community medicine?

The goal of community medicine is to identify health problems and needs in a defined population and to provide comprehensive healthcare services, including preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative services, in an organized manner, followed by the evaluation of the services.

Which of the following are considered dimensions of health, according to the text?

  • Physical, mental, and social
  • Physical, mental, social, spiritual, emotional, vocational, and political (correct)
  • Physical, mental, and emotional
  • Social, spiritual, emotional, and vocational

    • Community diagnosis involves identifying and quantifying health problems in a community, including morbidity and mortality rates, and their influencing factors.

    True (A)

    Which of the following is NOT a key difference between community medicine and hospital medicine?

    <p>Availability of specialists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of disease, according to the text?

    <p>Disease is a condition of the body or some part of the body in which its functions are disrupted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of disease, according to the text?

    <p>Chronic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a health determinant, according to the text?

    <p>Personality type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Illiteracy has been observed to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The text suggests that unemployment itself can cause psychological and social damage.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important key factor that determines the standard of living, quality of life, and health status?

    <p>Income is the most important key factor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The availability of health services like immunization and nutritional services can only prevent diseases, not promote health and prolong life.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The world is expected to have more than one billion people aged 60 years and over by 2020.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Community Medicine

    Branch of medicine focusing on community health services.

    Community Diagnosis

    Identification and quantification of health problems in a community.

    Concept of Health

    A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

    Three Dimensions of Health

    Health comprises physical, mental, and social aspects.

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    Physical Health

    Optimal functioning of the body’s organs and systems.

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    Mental Health

    State of well-being with balance in relationships and self-control.

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    Social Health

    Acceptance and respect within family and community.

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    Emotional Health

    Ability to control emotions and cope with stress.

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    Vocational Health

    Capacity to earn a living successfully.

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    Definition of Disease

    A condition disrupting the body's functions.

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    Types of Diseases - Congenital

    Diseases present at birth due to genetics.

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    Types of Diseases - Acquired

    Diseases developed after birth; can be communicable or non-communicable.

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    Health Determinants

    Factors affecting the health of individuals and communities.

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    Genetic Factors

    Inherited traits affecting health from birth.

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    Environmental Factors

    Conditions surrounding individuals affecting their health.

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    Lifestyle Factors

    Behaviors like smoking and diet influencing health.

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    Socioeconomic Conditions

    Economic and social factors influencing health status.

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    Education's Impact on Health

    Higher literacy linked to lower morbidity and mortality rates.

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    Occupation's Influence on Health

    Employment status affects health risks and outcomes.

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    Income and Health

    Income level significantly affects quality of life and health.

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    Health Services

    Availability of services that prevent diseases and promote health.

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    Population Aging

    Increasing elderly demographic expected to face chronic diseases.

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    Gender's Impact on Health

    Gender roles influence health access and risks.

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    Epidemiology

    Study of health conditions and disease determinants in populations.

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    Community Health Care vs Hospital Care

    Community care is broader and involves prevention, unlike hospital care which is reactive.

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    Health Care Delivery System

    Organized method of providing health services to communities.

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    Intersectoral Coordination

    Collaboration across sectors for effective health promotion.

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    Public Health Interventions

    Actions aimed to promote health and prevent diseases in population.

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    Health Program Evaluation

    Assessment of healthcare program effectiveness and outcomes.

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    Preventive Health Care

    Focus on preventing health issues before they arise.

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    Study Notes

    Community Medicine Course Outline

    • Introduction to Community Medicine
    • Community Diagnosis
    • Health Concept
    • Concept of Disease
    • Health Indicators
    • Prevention and Control
    • Epidemiology
    • Epidemiology Triad
    • Measurement of Health and Disease
    • Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases

    Day One Outline

    • Introduction to Community Medicine
    • Community Diagnosis
    • Concept of Health
    • Health Dimensions
    • Concept of Disease
    • Health Determinants

    Introduction to Community Medicine

    • Community medicine is a branch of medicine focusing on the study of preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative, and evaluative services for the community at large.
    • It aims to create an organized, comprehensive health care delivery system.
    • The primary goals include identifying the health needs and problems of the defined populations and providing comprehensive health care services (preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative) in an organized manner, accompanied by evaluation of the services.

    Differences Between Community and Hospital Medicine

    Service Area Community Medicine Hospital Medicine
    Operational strategy Provides healthcare to a defined geographic area, both active and passive operational strategies (providers and consumers are mobile) Draws patients from an unidentified catchment area, mainly passive operational strategy (patients come to the hospital)
    Organizational framework Operational strategies applied by both providers and consumers Operational responsibility lies with the patient
    Nature of care Comprehensive (preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative) Primarily curative care
    Intersectoral coordination Exists between health and related departments Virtually non-existent

    Community Diagnosis

    • Involves identifying and quantifying health problems, using morbidity and mortality rates(disease and death rates) and influential factors in a community
    • This process helps prioritize health issues and implement effective control strategies.

    Clinical vs. Community Diagnosis

    Feature Clinical Diagnosis Community Diagnosis
    Maker Doctor (physician) Epidemiologist
    Focus Individual case Defined population (sick and healthy)
    Patient type Sick people Sick and healthy people
    Diagnosis basis Signs and symptoms, laboratory tests Epidemiological investigations, natural history of disease
    Aim Treatment Prevention and promotion
    Follow-up Case follow-up Program evaluation
    Interest Technological advancements Statistical values

    Concept of Health and Disease

    • Health: Defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not the absence of disease. (WHO definition)
    • Three Dimensions: Physical, mental, and social.
    • Non-medical Dimensions: Spiritual, emotional, vocations, and political dimensions.
    • Physical Health: Healthy organs and systems functioning optimally
    • Mental Health: State of equilibrium with the environment, balanced emotions, and internal harmony.
    • Social Health: Acceptance, respect, and affection from family, peers, and community.
    • Spiritual Health: Holistic perspective, sound mind in a sound body.
    • Emotional Health: Self-control, absence of temper, and tension.
    • Vocational Health: Sufficient income for a successful life

    Concept of Disease

    • A condition of the body or its part where functions are disrupted. (Oxford dictionary)
    • Opposite of health (No ease).
    • Types:
      • Congenital: Present at birth
      • Acquired:
        • Communicable (infectious)
        • Non-communicable (non-infectious)

    Health Determinants

    • Factors influencing individual and community health.
    • Factors include:
      • Genetics
      • Environment
      • Lifestyle
      • Socioeconomic Conditions (Education, Occupation, Income, Health Services)

    Additional Factors

    • Aging Population
    • Gender
    • Others (Information, Communication, Science and Technology, Human Rights, Equity, and Social Justice)

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    Related Documents

    Comunity Medicine Lecture 1 PDF

    Description

    Explore the key concepts and frameworks in Community Medicine through this detailed course outline. Covering topics from health indicators to the epidemiology triad, this quiz will help you understand the foundational elements necessary for effective community health care delivery. Ideal for students and professionals seeking to deepen their knowledge in public health.

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