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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes what a community is?
Which of the following best describes what a community is?
In community health nursing, what is the primary focus of care?
In community health nursing, what is the primary focus of care?
Which principle prioritizes the community's health needs over others?
Which principle prioritizes the community's health needs over others?
What characteristic is essential for a community to be considered healthy?
What characteristic is essential for a community to be considered healthy?
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Which of the following is NOT a tool used in community assessment?
Which of the following is NOT a tool used in community assessment?
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What is the primary goal of community health nursing?
What is the primary goal of community health nursing?
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What role do key informants play in community assessment?
What role do key informants play in community assessment?
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Which category does NOT fall under the determinants of community health?
Which category does NOT fall under the determinants of community health?
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What is the main purpose of the individual treatment record (ITR) in the FHSIS?
What is the main purpose of the individual treatment record (ITR) in the FHSIS?
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Which type of targeted client list (TCL) is specifically aimed at prenatal care?
Which type of targeted client list (TCL) is specifically aimed at prenatal care?
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Which report is regularly prepared by midwives and submitted to nurses?
Which report is regularly prepared by midwives and submitted to nurses?
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What type of data does the annual form 1 (A-1) prepared by the nurse contain?
What type of data does the annual form 1 (A-1) prepared by the nurse contain?
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In community diagnosis, health workers assess which of the following to understand community health status?
In community diagnosis, health workers assess which of the following to understand community health status?
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What does the morbidity report (M2) prepared by the midwife include?
What does the morbidity report (M2) prepared by the midwife include?
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Which type of form is prepared quarterly by the nurse in the FHSIS?
Which type of form is prepared quarterly by the nurse in the FHSIS?
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What is a key component assessed in community diagnosis?
What is a key component assessed in community diagnosis?
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What is the first step involved in the planning phase of community health interventions?
What is the first step involved in the planning phase of community health interventions?
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Which factor is NOT considered in priority setting for community health interventions?
Which factor is NOT considered in priority setting for community health interventions?
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What is a key consideration when assessing the significance of a health problem in a community?
What is a key consideration when assessing the significance of a health problem in a community?
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Which of the following is essential for fostering active community participation in health interventions?
Which of the following is essential for fostering active community participation in health interventions?
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Why is the ability to reduce risk considered in planning community interventions?
Why is the ability to reduce risk considered in planning community interventions?
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What does the 'cost of reducing risk' involve in planning community health interventions?
What does the 'cost of reducing risk' involve in planning community health interventions?
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Which resource is NOT typically included when planning community interventions?
Which resource is NOT typically included when planning community interventions?
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What type of data sources is essential for identifying the target population in community health interventions?
What type of data sources is essential for identifying the target population in community health interventions?
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What is the primary goal of the priority-setting process in community health?
What is the primary goal of the priority-setting process in community health?
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Which technique is suggested for achieving consensus during the priority-setting process?
Which technique is suggested for achieving consensus during the priority-setting process?
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When evaluating criteria during the priority-setting process, what scale is used for weighting the importance?
When evaluating criteria during the priority-setting process, what scale is used for weighting the importance?
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After listing and rating community health problems, what is done with the total priority scores?
After listing and rating community health problems, what is done with the total priority scores?
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What distinguishes goals from objectives in community health interventions?
What distinguishes goals from objectives in community health interventions?
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How should objectives in community health be formulated to ensure effectiveness?
How should objectives in community health be formulated to ensure effectiveness?
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What is the purpose of reconciling differences of opinion in a group setting during the priority-setting process?
What is the purpose of reconciling differences of opinion in a group setting during the priority-setting process?
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In what primary way does the priority-setting process contribute to community health?
In what primary way does the priority-setting process contribute to community health?
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What should be prioritized if the reason for home delivery preference is identified as cost?
What should be prioritized if the reason for home delivery preference is identified as cost?
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What is one of the primary roles of nurses during the implementation of community health interventions?
What is one of the primary roles of nurses during the implementation of community health interventions?
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Which aspect is NOT a focus of the evaluation of community health interventions?
Which aspect is NOT a focus of the evaluation of community health interventions?
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What characteristics should the planning team consider when developing a community health intervention plan?
What characteristics should the planning team consider when developing a community health intervention plan?
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What is the primary purpose of evaluating community health interventions?
What is the primary purpose of evaluating community health interventions?
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Which type of evaluation is based on the implementation process of community health interventions?
Which type of evaluation is based on the implementation process of community health interventions?
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Which element is essential for the successful coordination of health intervention plans?
Which element is essential for the successful coordination of health intervention plans?
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In terms of evaluation standards, which aspect determines whether the evaluation is practical and realistically implementable?
In terms of evaluation standards, which aspect determines whether the evaluation is practical and realistically implementable?
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Study Notes
Community Health Nursing
- Definition of Community: A group of people with common interests, characteristics, and interactions. They share unity and function collectively to address concerns.
- Types of Communities: Phenomenological (functional) or geopolitical (territorial).
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Principles of Community Health Nursing:
- Focus on the community as a whole.
- Prioritize community needs.
- Collaborate as an equal partner with community members.
- Emphasize primary prevention.
- Promote a healthy physical and psychosocial environment.
- Reach out to all who may benefit.
- Promote optimal resource utilization.
- Collaborate with other community health workers.
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Conditions Affecting Community Health:
- People (Demographics, Health Status, Behaviors)
- Location (Environment, Geography)
- Social System (Culture norms, Social Structure, Resources)
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Characteristics of a Healthy Community:
- Shared sense of community based on history and values.
- Feeling of empowerment.
- Structures enabling subgroup participation in decision-making.
- Ability to manage change, solve problems, and resolve conflicts.
- Open communication channels.
- Equitable and efficient use of resources.
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Aims of Community Health:
- Achieve good quality of life.
- Create a health-supportive environment.
- Provide basic sanitation.
- Ensure access to health care.
Community Assessment
- Data Collection: Focus on People, Place, and Social System.
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Tools:
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Primary Data Collection:
- Observation: Ocular survey (windshield survey).
- Surveys: Questionnaires.
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Informant Interviews: Speaking to community members.
- Key Informants: Formal and informal leaders or influential people.
- Community Forums: Public meetings (e.g., pulong-pulong sa barangay).
- Focus Groups: Discussion sessions with selected individuals.
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Secondary Data Collection:
- Health records and Reports.
- Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS) - used for:
- Priority setting by local governments.
- Planning and decision-making at different levels.
- Monitoring and evaluating health program implementation.
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FHSIS Manual of Operations:
- Individual Treatment Record (ITR): Forms for tracking individual patient care.
- Target Client List (TCL): Lists for specific health services (e.g., prenatal, postpartum, under-one-year-old children, family planning, sick children, tuberculosis, leprosy).
- Summary Table: Completed by midwives.
- Monthly Consolidation Table (MTC): Consolidates health data.
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Reporting Forms:
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Monthly Forms:
- Program Report (M1): Maternal care, child care, family planning indicators.
- Morbidity Report (M2): Disease cases by age and sex.
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Quarterly Forms:
- Program Report (Q1): Three-month totals for maternal care, family planning, child care, dental health, and disease control.
- Morbidity Report (Q2):
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Annual Forms:
- A-BHS: Demographic, environmental, natality data.
- Annual Form 1 (A-1): Report of the RHU, demographic, environmental, natality, and mortality data.
- Annual Form 2 (A-2): Yearly morbidity report by age and sex.
- Annual Form 3 (A-3): Yearly mortality report by age and sex.
- Disease Registry Census Data:
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Monthly Forms:
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Primary Data Collection:
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Community Diagnosis: Assessing the health status and contributing factors.
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Elements of Community Diagnosis:
- Health risk or specific problem.
- Target aggregate or community to be addressed.
- Factors influencing community response to the health risk or problem.
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Elements of Community Diagnosis:
Planning Community Health Interventions
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Planning Phase:
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Priority Setting: Determining the most significant health concerns based on:
- Significance of the Problem: Number of people affected or at risk (prevalence rate).
- Community Awareness and Priority: Value placed by the community on the health concern.
- Ability to Reduce Risk: Availability of expertise and influence.
- Cost of Reducing Risk: Economic, social, and ethical considerations.
- Ability to Identify the Target Population: Availability of data sources.
- Availability of Resources: Technological, financial, and other resources.
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Formulating Goals and Objectives:
- Goals: Desired outcomes.
- Objectives: Short-term changes observed during interventions.
- SMART Objectives: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound.
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Deciding on Community Interventions:
- Involve the community in the planning process.
- Analyze the reasons for health behaviors.
- Consider demographic, psychological, social, cultural, and economic factors.
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Priority Setting: Determining the most significant health concerns based on:
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Implementation Phase:
- Action Phase: The most exciting part, where interventions are carried out.
- Community Empowerment: Enhancing community capabilities to address health issues.
- Nurse Role as Facilitator: Guiding the implementation process.
- Coordination: Collaboration with community members and other health professionals.
- Collaboration with other Sectors: Working with local government agencies and other organizations.
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Evaluation Phase: Assessing the effectiveness of interventions based on:
- Structure: Program design, staff qualifications, resources.
- Process: Implementation activities and processes.
- Outcome: Achieved results and changes in health status, behavior.
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Standards of Evaluation:
- Utility: Value and usefulness of evaluation results.
- Feasibility: Doability of the evaluation plan.
- Propriety: Ethical considerations and adherence to standards.
- Accuracy: Validity and reliability of evaluation data.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in Community Health Nursing, including definitions of community, types of communities, and the principles guiding effective practice. It discusses factors affecting community health and what constitutes a healthy community. Test your knowledge on these essential aspects of public health.
