Community Health Nursing
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Questions and Answers

When involving the community-client as partner, during which phase does data collection take place to determine the community's health and structure?

  • Planning phase
  • Evaluation phase
  • Implementation phase
  • Assessment phase (correct)

During which phase would the community health nurse (CHN) determine the ability of specific interventions to achieve an increase to at least 90% in the proportion of all pregnant women who receive first-trimester prenatal care?

  • Assessment phase
  • Implementation phase
  • Evaluation phase (correct)
  • Planning phase

Which objective is most appropriate for developing a community health nursing process?

  • All monitored clients will receive abortion therapy within 3 minutes following recognition of lethal dysrhythmia.
  • There will be a 25% reduction in health disparities by 2015.
  • Of mothers receiving nutrition counselling, 80% will identify five sources of calcium by the end of class. (correct)
  • At least 95% of children will be immunized by the age of 1 year.

Which measure of community health will be examined by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to assess the status of a community's health?

<p>Vital statistics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure of community health will be examined by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to assess the process of community health?

<p>Participation of individual and group health care providers in local organizations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best resource for the community health nurse (CHN) who wants information about the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in a local region of the country?

<p>Online information from Statistics Canada (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What community health nursing activity demonstrates the role of a change partner?

<p>Teaches anger management skills to a group of teens in a halfway house (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The community health nurse (CHN) has identified that a knowledge deficit is the primary reason why new mothers in a region choose not to breastfeed and wants to determine the best strategy to implement an intervention. What should this intervention emphasize?

<p>Process dimension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When assessing immigrant access to regional health care, which data collection method would best provide key information about the community?

<p>Informant interviews with local community members (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The third phase of the community health nursing process involves the work and activities aimed at achieving the goals and objectives. Which phase is being described?

<p>Implementation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which options represent the steps in health program management process?

<p>Assess, plan, implement, evaluate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On the basis of projected increases in the number of older Canadian citizens, a planning committee wants to establish a daycare program for the community's elderly population. What stage would be used to assess the needs of this proposed program?

<p>Preactive stage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which descriptors meet all of the criteria for identifying a potential client for a program?

<p>Immigrants residing in the district of Wakefield for less than 5 years who have difficulty understanding care instructions because of limited English proficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A committee concludes that a program's objectives were met and that activities received positive ratings from the community but decides that the program will be discontinued because its cost was triple the amount anticipated. In this scenario, which program evaluation measure has been identified as the problem?

<p>Sustainability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A committee of health care professionals would like to establish a district-wide program to improve access to culturally competent health care services for Vietnamese immigrants. Who would be the best person to select as a key informant about this community's needs?

<p>A Vietnamese community leader (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which data source would most likely be eliminated by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to conduct a needs assessment on a limited budget?

<p>Surveys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which question would be most important to consider in order to evaluate a program designed to decrease obesity among school-aged children?

<p>Has obesity among the school-aged children decreased? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A community health nurse (CHN) is checking the records of a health unit to compare the number of new teen clients who have sought contraceptive counselling and management in the 2 months before and after an education intervention program to decrease teen pregnancy. What step of the evaluation process does the CHN's action represent?

<p>Measuring the goal effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ is the relationship between s program's outcomes and the resources spent.

<p>Efficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which areas should be targeted by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to successfully establish a program to decrease childhood mortality rates?

<p>Accidents and injuries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important action to be taken by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to decrease childhood obesity?

<p>Involving the entire family in the management of obesity in a child (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes tertiary prevention by a community health nurse (CHN) who wants to promote improved health in obese children?

<p>Establishing lifestyle improvement programs through local youth organizations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement provides the best definition of women's health?

<p>Women's health includes health promotion, health protection, and health maintenance across a woman's lifespan. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes secondary prevention by a community health nurse (CHN) who wants to promote improved health in obese women?

<p>Screening using a full glucose tolerance test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Assessment Phase

Data collection to determine a community’s health and structure.

Evaluation Phase

Measuring outcomes of interventions after implementation.

Effective objective

Objectives should be precise, measurable, and behavior-based.

Status data

Vital statistics (births, deaths) reflect community health status.

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Process data

Individual/group participation shows community health process.

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Mortality/Morbidity Data source

Statistics Canada provides morbidity and mortality data.

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Change-Partner role

Teaching problem solving in a community

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Process Dimension Emphasis

Health promotion, a primary prevention strategy.

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Informant Interviews

Involves directed talks with community members.

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Implementation

Achieving goals and objectives.

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Health Program Management

Assess, plan, implement, evaluate in partnership with a client.

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Goal of program planning

Health care services are acceptable, equitable, efficient, and effective.

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Preactive Stage

Assessing based on projections of future needs.

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Identifying a potential client

Identified by characteristics, location, problems.

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Summative Evaluation

Evaluation to assess program outcomes.

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Sustainability

Enough resources to continue the program.

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Tertiary Prevention

Programs to reduce disease complications.

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Key Informants

Leaders knowledgeable about community needs.

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Most costly data source

Surveys tend to be more expensive

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Major Benefit of Program Evaluation

A program is meeting its goals.

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Measuring Goal Effect

Reviewing records before/after a program.

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Efficiency

Relationship between outcomes and resources spent.

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Decreasing childhood mortality

Accidents and injuries

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Decreasing childhood obesity

Involving the entire family

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Tertiary prevention

Aimed at lifestyle changes.

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Women's Health

Health promotion, health protection, and health maintenance

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Tertiary prevention programs

Aim to reduce complications from diseases.

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Secondary prevention

Screening for diabetes example.

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Improve health in obese women

Screening using a full glucose tolerance test.

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Primary prevention

Aim at educating women about diabetes, nutrition

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Study Notes

Working With the Community

  • During the assessment phase of community health nursing, data collection is used to determine the community's health and structure when the community-client is a partner.
  • In the evaluation phase, a community health nurse (CHN) determines the ability of specific interventions to achieve a target increase in a health metric, such as the proportion of pregnant women receiving first-trimester prenatal care.
  • Objectives for community health nursing should be precise, measurable, and behaviour-oriented, unlike broad goals.
  • Vital statistics, including live births and deaths, are used by community health nurses (CHNs) to assess the status of a community's health.
  • A community health nurse (CHN) assesses the community's health process by examining the participation of local health care providers in local organizations.
  • To find morbidity and mortality information for all regions in Canada, consult the Statistics Canada Web site.
  • A community health nurse (CHN) demonstrates the role of a change partner by teaching anger management skills to a group of teens in a halfway house.
  • When new mothers in a region avoid breastfeeding due to a lack of knowledge, interventions should emphasize the process dimension, using health promotion as a primary prevention strategy.
  • Informant interviews with local community members provide the best key information when assessing immigrant access to regional health care.
  • Implementation, the third phase of the community health nursing process, involves performing the work to achieve goals and objectives.

Health Program Planning and Evaluation

  • Health program management involves assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating a health program in partnership with the client.
  • The ultimate goal of program planning is to ensure satisfactory, comparable, effective, and beneficial health care services.
  • When planning a daycare program based on projected increases in older Canadian citizens, the preactive stage is used to assess the needs.
  • Criteria for identifying a potential client for a program include biological, psychosocial, and geographical characteristics, along with the problems to be addressed.
  • Summative evaluation assesses program outcomes to see if the program is effective.
  • If a program meets objectives and receives positive community ratings but is too costly, the program evaluation identifies sustainability as the problem.
  • Tertiary prevention is best emphasized by a program that provides diabetes management for persons with diabetes mellitus.
  • A Vietnamese community leader would be the best key informant for a committee aiming to improve access to culturally competent health care services for Vietnamese immigrants.
  • On a limited budget, community health nurses (CHNs) conducting needs assessments are most likely to eliminate surveys.
  • To evaluate an obesity program for school-aged children, it's most important to evaluate if obesity among the school-aged children decreased.
  • A community health nurse (CHN) checks the impact of an education intervention program by comparing records of new teen clients seeking contraceptive counselling and management before and after the program.
  • Efficiency is the balance between program outcomes and the resources spent.

Working with the Individual as Client: Health and Wellness Across the Lifespan

  • Injuries and accidents are the most common causes of preventable disease, disability, and death among children.
  • To decrease childhood obesity, interventions need to base on lifestyle changes for the entire family.
  • Tertiary prevention includes activities aimed at reducing the complications of the disease process.
  • Women's health includes health promotion, health protection, and health maintenance across a woman's lifespan.
  • Screening a full glucose tolerance test constitutes secondary prevention by a community health nurse (CHN) who wants to promote improved health in obese women.

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Community health nursing involves assessing a community's health using data collection and evaluating interventions based on specific, measurable objectives. Vital statistics like births and deaths are important indicators. Resources like Statistics Canada provide valuable morbidity and mortality information.

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