Community Concepts and Perspectives

What is the primary focus of community action?

Which of the following principles does community action NOT involve?

What is an essential aspect of community engagement?

Which concept best describes the relationship between communities and their services?

What does solidarity in a community imply?

What does participatory development prioritize?

How is citizenship related to community engagement?

Which element contributes to a sense of community?

What is a key outcome of effective community action?

Which sociological theory emphasizes the role of community in social change?

Community Structure and Definitions

Outer walls historically protected urban structures like temples and government buildings.
The polis, an ancient Greek city-state, consisted of an urban center surrounded by rural areas.

Sociological Perspectives on Community

Gemeinschaft vs. Gesellschaft:
- Gemeinschaft (community): characterized by shared identity, norms, and personal relationships.
- Gesellschaft (society): defined as formal, individualistic, and transactional interactions.
Social institutions (market, state) are ideologically driven to promote welfare within these contexts.

Civil Society Perspective

Civil society operates outside traditional institutions (family, market, government).
It serves as a platform for social change, connecting marginalized individuals with supportive groups.
Emphasizes actions taken for the common good.

Elements of Community

Four components create a sense of community:
- Membership
- Influence
- Integration and fulfillment of needs
- Shared emotional ties

Historical Context and Community Action

The concept of community dates back to the polis of ancient Greece.
Modern community action prioritizes local services, sharing knowledge, skills, and ideas.
Core values include human rights, social equality, gender equality, and participatory development.

Explore the definitions and perspectives of community through sociological concepts such as Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft. Understand the role of urban areas within the polis and how they relate to public spaces and citizenship in society.