Ch 9: Community change over time (Succession)

What defines succession as a gradual process of ecological change in an ecosystem?

Which type of succession occurs in habitats with no existing soil or biotic influence?

What role do pioneer species play in succession?

In primary succession, what type of organisms are typically the first to colonize rocky surfaces?

What does secondary succession involve?

Which type of succession leads to the formation of a climax community?

What is a climax community characterized by?

What accelerates the weathering of rocks in the process of soil formation?

In primary succession, which type of plants are typically the first to establish after lichens and mosses?

What contributes to a faster progression of community change in secondary succession compared to primary succession?

What typically occurs more rapidly, secondary succession or primary succession?

Which type of vegetation is dominant in the climax community?

What replaces the initial pioneers such as grasses and herbaceous plants in primary succession?

Which habitat is more likely to experience secondary succession?

What kind of species are the first to colonize a disturbed area in secondary succession?

What is the final stable state that a community reaches at the end of succession known as?

Which type of succession occurs in habitats with no existing soil or biotic influence?

What term is used for hardy organisms that are the first to colonize and establish in a new or disturbed area?

Where do pioneer species like lichens typically begin the process of primary succession?

What type of succession involves regrowth or development following a disturbance in an existing ecosystem?

Which type of succession generally occurs more quickly due to the presence of existing soil?

What key process is responsible for the gradual changes in plant and animal species in a new or barren habitat during primary succession?

What is the role of lichens in primary succession?

Which species are typically the first to colonize an area in secondary succession?

How does soil in secondary succession differ from soil in primary succession?

What accelerates the progression of community change in secondary succession when compared to primary succession?

Which term best describes the state of the ecosystem when a climax community is reached?

What is the significant difference between primary and secondary succession in terms of vegetation establishment?

Why does secondary succession tend to occur more rapidly than primary succession?

How do pioneer species contribute to the process of succession?

What type of environment leads to secondary succession?

In primary succession, what kind of vegetation typically replaces the initial pioneers like grasses and herbaceous plants?

What is one significant difference between primary and secondary succession in terms of soil?

Which species are typically the first to colonize a disturbed area in secondary succession?

What contributes to secondary succession progressing faster than primary succession?

Which type of vegetation is dominant in the climax community?

What gradual process alters the environment in succession?

What is the main factor that differentiates secondary succession from primary succession?

What term is used to describe the stable and self-sustaining state that is reached at the end of succession?

What distinguishes primary succession from secondary succession in terms of soil?

What feature distinguishes pioneer species from other organisms in the context of ecological succession?

In which type of succession do lichens typically play a crucial role at the beginning of the process?

What role do climax communities play in the context of ecological change?

What is the characteristic feature of pioneer species that allows them to colonize harsh and disturbed environments?

Why are primary and secondary succession crucial concepts in understanding ecosystem dynamics?