Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Management
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Questions and Answers

What is typically included in the workup for community-acquired pneumonia?

  • Labs, imaging, and infectious workup (correct)
  • Imaging and electrocardiogram
  • Infectious workup and electrocardiogram
  • Labs, imaging, and electrocardiogram

    • What is the first-line treatment for outpatients with comorbidities?

  • Combination therapy with beta-lactams and tetracycline
  • Monotherapy with fluoroquinolones
  • Combination therapy with beta-lactams and macrolides (correct)
  • Monotherapy with amoxicillin

    • What is a complication of untreated community-acquired pneumonia?

  • Hypertension
  • Stroke
  • Diabetes
  • ARDS (correct)

    • What is the preferred treatment for inpatients with risk factors for Pseudomonas?

    <p>Replace beta-lactam agent with antipseudomonal agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of monitoring in community-acquired pneumonia?

    <p>To monitor response to treatment and assess disease severity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for healthy outpatients without comorbidities?

    <p>Monotherapy with amoxicillin or doxycycline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred treatment for inpatients with risk factors for MRSA?

    <p>Add an anti-MRSA agent to baseline course</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of spirometry/PFTs in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

    <p>To assess therapy response and document disease progression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a non-pharmacological management strategy for COPD?

    <p>Antibiotic therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Procalcitonin test in COPD management?

    <p>To improve survival and reduce the risk of inappropriate antibiotic exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is commonly used to reduce hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in COPD?

    <p>Fluticasone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary complication of acute bronchiolitis?

    <p>Secondary pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for acute bronchiolitis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathophysiological process underlying acute bronchiolitis?

    <p>Inflammation in the bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical clinical presentation of acute bronchiolitis?

    <p>Insidious cough and dyspnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of pneumonia?

    <p>Sudden choking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of preventative measures in managing pneumonia?

    <p>To prevent the occurrence of pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of giving antacids preemptively in managing pneumonia?

    <p>To elevate gastric pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical duration of corticosteroid treatment in post-event treatment of pneumonia?

    <p>First 72 hrs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'hygiene hypothesis' related to in the context of asthma?

    <p>Risk factor for asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the early response in the pathophysiology of asthma?

    <p>Vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, bronchospasm, and mucus secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the late response in the pathophysiology of asthma?

    <p>Occurs 4-8 hrs after initial response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of asthma clinical presentation?

    <p>Recurrent episodes of coughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for sleep apnea?

    <p>Bodybuilding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of central sleep apnea?

    <p>Cessation of breath during sleep with ventilatory effort absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) used to diagnose?

    <p>Obstructive sleep apnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for obstructive sleep apnea?

    <p>CPAP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk factor for obesity hypoventilation syndrome?

    <p>BMI &gt; 30</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of obesity hypoventilation syndrome?

    <p>Reduced lung function and inspiratory muscle strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis of a solitary pulmonary nodule?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk factor for bronchogenic cancer?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of lung cancer that is associated with paraneoplastic syndromes?

    <p>Small cell lung cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prognosis for sleep apnea if left untreated?

    <p>Poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of non-small cell lung cancer is adenocarcinoma?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic growth pattern of adenocarcinomas in situ?

    <p>Lepidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical location of squamous cell carcinoma?

    <p>Centrally located</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Pancoast Syndrome?

    <p>Severe radiating shoulder pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for patterns of organ dysfunction related to immune-mediated or secretory effects of neoplasms?

    <p>Paraneoplastic syndromes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible effect of treating a tumor?

    <p>Improvement of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common subjective finding in patients with non-small cell lung cancer?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible objective finding in patients with non-small cell lung cancer?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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