Communism in China and East Asia

A policy implemented in China during the 1950s to increase agricultural productivity by forcing peasants to pool their land and labor into collective units.

A program launched by Mao Zedong in 1958 with the aim of rapidly increasing China's industrial and agricultural output through ambitious targets and communal living.

Large-scale agricultural communities in Communist China that combined villages, thousands of acres of land, and tens of thousands of people, aiming for increased agricultural efficiency.

Small-scale industrial enterprises established within rural communes during the Great Leap Forward, intended to produce steel and other goods.

The disastrous outcome of the Great Leap Forward in China, characterized by widespread famine and economic decline due to unrealistic targets, inefficient production, and political suppression.

A period of political upheaval in China from 1966 to 1976, launched by Mao Zedong to eliminate "bourgeois" tendencies and encourage revolutionary spirit among the youth.

A policy in China aimed at rapidly increasing industrial and agricultural output, often through ambitious goals and communal living, resulting in significant economic and social changes.

Large-scale agricultural communities in China that combined villages, land, and people, aimed for increased agricultural efficiency.

Small-scale industrial enterprises established in rural areas during the Great Leap Forward, aiming to increase steel and other goods production.

The disastrous outcome of the Great Leap Forward, characterized by widespread famine and economic decline due to unrealistic production targets and political suppression.

A term that refers to the United States' strategy of improving relations with China to counter the Soviet Union's influence during the Cold War.

The period of strained relations between the Soviet Union and China, marked by ideological differences, border disputes, and the withdrawal of Soviet aid.

Western fears that the Soviet Union and Communist China would form a powerful alliance against the West during the Cold War.

The process of the United States establishing diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China in the 1970s, while maintaining relations with Taiwan.

The United States' decision to recognize the People's Republic of China as the sole legitimate government of China, a move that involved severing diplomatic ties with Taiwan.

Points of compromise in the US's diplomatic approach to China, balancing its interests with those of Taiwan and seeking to maintain stability in the region.

The US's strategic decision to improve relations with China, even though it meant compromising its alliance with Taiwan, to counter the Soviet Union's influence during the Cold War.

The US's stance on its alliance with Taiwan, recognizing Taiwan as a separate entity, even after establishing diplomatic relations with China.

A policy used during the Cultural Revolution to eliminate those viewed as opposing Mao Zedong's ideas and policies. This included intellectuals, critics, and anyone suspected of disloyalty.

A period of intense political and social upheaval in China, instigated by Mao Zedong in 1966. It aimed to eliminate opposition to his leadership, maintain revolutionary zeal, and rebuild society with a rigid ideology.

The government's extreme effort to control every aspect of thought and expression, suppressing dissenting voices and imposing strict ideological conformity.

The powerful leader of China during the Cultural Revolution, widely known as 'Chairman Mao', who aimed to build a 'socialist utopia' but led the nation through turbulent times.

A strategy employed during the Cold War, where the US cultivated a new relationship with China to counter the Soviet Union's influence. The US shifted its support from Taiwan to the mainland China.