Communication Overview and Process

Study Notes

Communication varies in meaning based on context; generally defined as the exchange of information, ideas, or thoughts between individuals.
It extends beyond spoken or written words to include gestures, body language, and feelings, facilitating personal and social interactions.

Sender: The originator of the message who encodes their thoughts to share with others.
Message: Contains the content communicated, including spoken/written words and accompanying body language.
Receiver: The individual interpreting the message, acting as a decoder who perceives the sender's intent.
Feedback: The response from the receiver, which can be verbal or non-verbal (e.g., nodding or yawning) and serves to clarify or adjust the original message.

Verbal Communication: Involves spoken or written words.
Nonverbal Communication: Encompasses gestures, facial expressions, touch, and overall physical appearance. Often referred to as body language.

Personal Appearance: Clothing and adornments can reflect social and financial status, culture, and self-concept.
Posture and Gait: Walking style and body carriage indicate mood, self-concept, and health status.
Facial Expression: Highly expressive; reveals emotions such as surprise, fear, anger, happiness, and sadness. Can be consciously controlled to mask true feelings.
Gestures: Both enhance verbal communication and can stand alone to convey specific emotions or signals.

Focuses on utilizing verbal and non-verbal techniques to meet client needs while avoiding non-therapeutic methods.
Aims to enhance understanding and establish a constructive relationship between healthcare professional (HCP) and client.
Distinct from social relationships; it is client-directed and goal-oriented.

Accepting Silence: Involves allowing pauses without interruption, creating space for clients to articulate their thoughts and feelings.
Providing General Statements: Encourages client expression through open-ended questions and supportive prompts, such as “Can you tell me how it is for you?” to facilitate dialogue.