Communication Methods for Deaf Children & Nurses' Role in Detecting Deafness
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Questions and Answers

Which nerve is responsible for hearing in the ear?

  • Facial nerve
  • Optic nerve
  • Vagus nerve
  • Acoustic nerve (correct)

At what age does the fetus start to hear?

  • 4 years
  • 6 weeks
  • 5 months
  • 20 weeks (correct)

What are the three functions of the eustachian tube?

  • Ventilation of the middle ear, protection from nasopharyngeal secretions and sound pressure, and drainage (correct)
  • Ventilation of the middle ear, protection from nasopharyngeal secretions and sound pressure, and balance
  • Balance, protection from nasopharyngeal secretions and sound pressure, and drainage
  • Ventilation of the middle ear, balance, and drainage

What is the purpose of measuring head circumference in infants?

<p>To evaluate brain growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of otitis media (OM)?

<p>Fever and vomiting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended first-line antimicrobial medication for treating OM?

<p>Oral amoxicillin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can chronic OM lead to if left untreated?

<p>Cholesteatoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When may surgical intervention be necessary for OM?

<p>When medical treatment fails (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT used to bring the child into the world of sound?

<p>Amplified sound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale?

<p>To evaluate an infant's response to auditory stimuli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse do to ensure effective communication with a hearing-impaired child?

<p>Face the child when speaking and be positioned at eye level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to minimize noise and whistling problems with a hearing aid?

<p>Check ear hygiene regularly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a specific sign of otitis externa?

<p>Pain and tenderness on manipulating the pinna (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for otitis externa?

<p>Irrigation and topical antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of otitis media?

<p>Streptococcus pneumoniae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are infants more prone to middle ear infections than older children and adults?

<p>Their eustachian tubes are shorter, wider, and straighter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a condition characterized by decreased vision in one or both eyes, often due to abnormal development of vision during childhood?

<p>Amblyopia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe involuntary, slow, writhing movements of the limbs or face?

<p>Athetosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye?

<p>Conjunctivitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a temporary loss of normal brain function resulting from a head injury, usually with a brief loss of consciousness?

<p>Concussion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing loss occurs when the hair cells along the cochlea and acoustic nerve may be damaged?

<p>Sensorineural hearing loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended age for universal hearing screening in infants?

<p>Before 3 months of age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first sign that may alert the parents or nurse to the possibility of hearing impairment in infants?

<p>Lack of response to sounds or music (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method for neonatal testing of hearing ability?

<p>Evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAE) test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the development of eyehand coordination in infants?

<p>It is partially dependent on the ability to see objects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does depth perception typically develop in infants?

<p>9 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does visual depth perception influence a child's ability to walk or run without falling?

<p>It improves their balance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the AAP, when should preschool visual screening be conducted for children?

<p>Between 2 to 3 years of age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do infants typically start to open their eyes for most of the day?

<p>4 to 5 months of age (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of tears in infants?

<p>To express emotions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the ear is responsible for balance?

<p>Inner ear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the fetus develop the ability to hear?

<p>20 weeks' gestation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of seizure is characterized by involuntary, slow, writhing movements of the limbs or face?

<p>Tonic movement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring head circumference in infants?

<p>To determine neurological growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of otitis media (OM)?

<p>Fever and headache (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line antimicrobial medication prescribed for treating OM?

<p>Oral amoxicillin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is surgical intervention for OM considered necessary?

<p>When medical treatment is unsuccessful (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can chronic OM lead to if left untreated?

<p>Cholesteatoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended age for universal hearing screening in infants?

<p>At 3 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method for neonatal testing of hearing ability?

<p>Evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAE) test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for otitis externa?

<p>Antibiotic ear drops (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing loss occurs when the tympanic membrane prevents sound from entering the middle ear?

<p>Conductive hearing loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods is NOT used to enhance communication with a hearing-impaired child?

<p>Playing music (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of barotrauma?

<p>Nausea and vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device can be installed in the home to alert a hearing-impaired child to doorbells and other sound-based devices?

<p>Flashing lights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the National Hearing Center?

<p>To provide information about hearing aids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of otitis externa?

<p>Ringing in the ears (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method of positioning a child for an ear examination?

<p>Laying the child on a table with the arms held alongside the head (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is most commonly affected by otitis media?

<p>Infants between 6 and 24 months of age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the eustachian tube?

<p>To equalize air pressure between the middle ear and the outside atmosphere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the development of eyehand coordination in infants?

<p>Eyehand coordination is partially dependent on the ability to see the object. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does depth perception typically develop in infants?

<p>9 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of tears in infants?

<p>To lubricate the eyes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do infants typically start to open their eyes for most of the day?

<p>4 to 5 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring head circumference in infants?

<p>To assess brain development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the AAP, when should preschool visual screening be conducted for children?

<p>2 to 3 years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a condition characterized by decreased vision in one or both eyes, often due to abnormal development of vision during childhood?

<p>Amblyopia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe involuntary, slow, writhing movements of the limbs or face?

<p>Athetosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a temporary loss of normal brain function resulting from a head injury, usually with a brief loss of consciousness?

<p>Concussion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye?

<p>Conjunctivitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following symptoms with their corresponding ear conditions:

<p>Rubbing or pulling at the ear = Ear infection or earache Rolling the head from side to side = Earache in infants Loud speech = Ear infection Inattentive behavior = Ear infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following treatments with their corresponding ear conditions:

<p>Oral amoxicillin for 10 days = Otitis media Myringotomy = Chronic otitis media or tympanic membrane tear prevention Tympanostomy ventilating tube = Chronic otitis media or hearing difficulties Warm compress = Comfort measure for ear condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following complications with their corresponding ear conditions:

<p>Cholesteatoma = Chronic otitis media Tissue breakdown = Otitis media or ear infection Hearing loss = Otitis media or chronic otitis media Febrile seizures = Otitis media</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their corresponding ear treatments:

<p>Abscess formation = Rupture of the eardrum Chronic otitis media = Surgical intervention Otitis media with effusion = Repeated attacks of acute otitis media Tympanic membrane button or tympanostomy ventilating tube = Chronic otitis media or hearing difficulties</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following key terms with their definitions:

<p>Athetosis = Involuntary, slow, writhing movements of the limbs or face Encephalopathy = A temporary loss of normal brain function resulting from a head injury, usually with a brief loss of consciousness Conjunctivitis = An inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye Amblyopia = A condition characterized by decreased vision in one or both eyes, often due to abnormal development of vision during childhood</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their relevant information:

<p>Otitis Externa = Common symptom is pain on touching or moving the ear Otitis Media = May lead to chronic conditions if left untreated Cerebral Palsy = Involves four types and specific nursing goals in care Meningitis = Symptoms include fever, headache, and neck stiffness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their specific treatments:

<p>Otitis Externa = Treated with topical antimicrobial or antifungal agents Otitis Media = First-line treatment is usually with antibiotics Amblyopia = Treatment may involve patching the stronger eye Meningitis = Requires immediate medical treatment with antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their related conditions or procedures:

<p>Enucleation = Surgical removal of the eye Eustachian Tube = Functions include equalizing pressure and draining fluid from the middle ear Barotrauma = Injury to the ear due to changes in atmospheric pressure Neurological Check = A procedure that involves assessing level of consciousness, pupillary response, and motor function</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

<p>Otitis Externa = An acute infection of the external ear canal often referred to as swimmer’s ear Otitis Media = An inflammation of the middle ear caused by various organisms Eustachian Tube = A channel that connects the middle ear to the throat Mastoiditis = A condition that can occur when an infection of the throat spreads to the middle ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following methods with their associated ear examination positions:

<p>Method 1 = Lay the child on a table with the arms held alongside the head, which is turned to the side Method 2 = Place the child in the lap of the adult</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

<p>Otitis Externa Treatment = Irrigation and topical antibiotics or antivirals Otitis Media Prevention = Keeping the ear dry during and after exposure to moisture Middle Ear Infection in Infants = More prone due to their shorter, wider, and straighter eustachian tubes Eustachian Tube Function = Protects the middle ear from nasopharyngeal secretions, provides drainage of middle ear secretions into the nasopharynx, and equalizes air pressure between the middle ear and the outside atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following age groups with their susceptibility to otitis media (OM):

<p>Infants = More prone to middle ear infections due to immature defense mechanisms and shorter eustachian tubes Children between 6 and 24 months = Commonly affected by OM Early Childhood = Age group that is often affected by OM Adults = Less susceptible to OM compared to infants and young children</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of hearing loss with their descriptions:

<p>Congenital hearing loss = May be hereditary or may result from in utero infection, a low birth weight, prolonged resuscitative measures, or specific anomalies or syndromes Sensorineural hearing loss = Occurs when the hair cells along the cochlea and acoustic nerve may be damaged, which can occur from exposure to environmental toxins, genetic anomalies, or exposure to loud noise Conductive hearing loss = Occurs when the tympanic membrane prevents sound from entering the middle ear. Common causes of conductive hearing loss in older children include impacted cerumen (ear wax), perforation of the tympanic membrane, and some types of ear infections Legal deafness = A hearing loss greater than 70 dB is considered this</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following tests for hearing ability with their descriptions:

<p>Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) test = A preferred method for neonatal testing Auditory brainstem response (ABR) test = Records brain wave responses generated by the auditory system Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) = Identifies sensitivity to sounds in young infants Tympanometry = Measures ear pressure but is difficult to perform adequately on an active infant or small child</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following age groups with their corresponding hearing ability tests:

<p>Newborn = Evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAE) test Infant less than 4 months old = Lack of response to sounds or music or lack of the startle reflex Infant or child able to communicate = A tuning fork is used to evaluate for air conduction (Rinne test) or bone conduction (Weber test) Infants as young as 2 months old = Hearing aids can be used</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following treatments for hearing loss with their corresponding age groups:

<p>Hearing aids = Infants as young as 2 months old Cochlear implants = Some children as young as 2 years old Universal detection of hearing impairment = Infants before 3 months of age Treatment at an auditory training center = Children who suffer a severe loss of hearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following medical terms with their correct definitions:

<p>Extensor posturing = A medical term for abnormal posture in which the body is stiff and straight, with the arms and legs extended Idiopathic = A term used to describe a disease or condition that arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown Ketogenic diet = A high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that has been used to help control seizures in some people with epilepsy Strabismus = A condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following medical conditions with their correct definitions:

<p>Hyperopia = A common vision condition in which you can see distant objects clearly, but objects nearby may be blurry Nystagmus = A condition characterized by involuntary, rapid, and repetitive movements of the eyes Opisthotonos = A condition in which the head and back are arched backward and the body is bowed forward Papilledema = Swelling of the optic disc, a region of the optic nerve in the back of the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of the ear with their correct descriptions:

<p>Auricle = The visible part of the ear that resides outside of the head Eustachian tube = A narrow tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and upper throat Tympanic membrane = A thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear Cochlea = A spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that converts sound vibrations into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following stages of brain development with their correct descriptions:

<p>Birth to 4 years of age = The period of most rapid brain and nerve cell growth and specialization By the end of the first year = The stage at which the brain has increased in weight about 2½ times 2 years of age = The stage at which brain growth is almost complete After birth = The stage at which myelinization of nerve tracts in the central nervous system accelerates, allowing for progressively more complex neurological and motor functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following methods of communication with their descriptions:

<p>Lip reading = Understanding spoken language through visual cues of the speaker's lip movements Sign language = Use of hand signals that correspond to words and assist in communication with a deaf child Writing = Using written words to convey messages Amplified sound = Increasing the volume of sound to make it audible to a hearing-impaired person</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following devices with their functions in the context of hearing impairment:

<p>Hearing aid = Expensive and invaluable device that helps a hearing-impaired child Telecommunication devices for the deaf (TDD) = Enable telephone communication for the hearing-impaired Closed captioning devices for television = Provide text-based captions for the hearing-impaired child to read Flashing lights = Installed in the home to alert the child to doorbells and other sound-based devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their descriptions:

<p>Otitis externa = Inflammation or infection of the external ear canal Barotrauma = Occurs when there is a change in the atmospheric pressure between the internal body systems and the surrounding environment Decompression sickness = Condition that occurs when a diver ascends too quickly, causing nitrogen bubbles to form in the bloodstream Conjunctivitis = Inflammation or infection of the thin, transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following nursing actions with their descriptions in the context of caring for a hearing-impaired child:

<p>Nurse smiles when approaching the child = Body language communicates a lot, especially if there is a severe communication problem Nurse faces the child when speaking and is positioned at eye level with the child = Ensures effective communication and engagement with the child Nurse ensures that the child sees him or her before touching = Avoids startling the child Nurse checks ear hygiene and be sure hairs are not caught on the end of the hearing aid = Ensures a proper fit and minimizes noise and whistling problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following milestones in infant development with their correct age:

<p>Eyes open most of the day = 4 to 5 months Crawling = Partially dependent on the ability to see an object at a distance and attempt to reach it Depth perception developed = 9 months of age Preschool visual screening recommended by AAP = Between 2 and 3 years of age</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

<p>Otitis externa = Inflammation or infection of the external ear canal Eyehand coordination = Ability to transfer objects from one hand to another is partially dependent on the ability to see the object Depth perception = Ability to see an object in three dimensions and to judge the distance of the object from oneself Retinal vessels vascularize = Development of blood vessels in the retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of the eye with their correct descriptions:

<p>Retina = Contains the cells that are sensitive to light and convert it into electrical signals Cornea = Transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber Iris = Controls the diameter and size of the pupil Conjunctiva = Thin, transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements about visual development in infants with their correct descriptions:

<p>Visual depth perception influences the child’s ability to run without falling = When the child walks or runs The ability to crawl is partially dependent on the ability to see an object at a distance and attempt to reach it = Crawling development Depth perception is not developed = Until 9 months of age Eyes open most of the day = By 4 to 5 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to ear health with their correct definitions:

<p>Otitis media = Inflammation or infection of the middle ear Eustachian tube = Connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat Barotrauma = Injury caused by changes in air or water pressure Conductive hearing loss = Occurs when there is a problem conducting sound waves anywhere along the route through the outer ear, eardrum, or middle ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following recommendations from the AAP with their correct descriptions:

<p>Preschool visual screening = During well-child visits between 2 and 3 years of age Universal hearing screening in infants = Recommended age not specified Positioning a child for an ear examination = Recommended method not specified Neonatal testing of hearing ability = Preferred method not specified</p> Signup and view all the answers

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