Communication as a Process

Communication as a Process

• Communication is the act of sending and receiving messages
• Two people in communication act as a "transceiver" - they share the role of both sender and receiver.
• Communication is a two-way process - a message is sent and a response is received, which influences both sender and receiver
• Communication can either be verbal or non-verbal

Communication Elements

• Sender/Receiver: The person who initiates communication and sets its purpose and the person whom the message is intended for.
• Message: Contains information, thoughts, or feelings which a communicator expresses to the other participant.
• Channel: The medium through which the message is delivered, like speaking, writing, or sensory activity.
• Feedback: Response from the receiver to the sender's message, conveying interpretation and understanding.
• Context: The environment and circumstances surrounding the communication, influencing how messages are sent and received.
• Noise: Impediments to successful communication, interfering with shared understanding.

Types of Communication Noise

• External Noise: Originates outside the communicator, like loud sounds or distractions
• Internal Noise: Originates from the communicator's own thoughts, feelings, or beliefs, interfering with communication
• Semantic Noise: Arises from the sender and receiver not sharing the same meaning for verbal or non-verbal signs, like jargon or different cultural understandings.

Types of Speeches

• Manuscript Speech: Entire speech is fully written and read aloud
• Memorized Speech: Entire speech is memorized and delivered without any notes
• Impromptu Speech: Ideas are developed at the moment of delivery
• Extemporaneous Speech: Topics are prepared beforehand, but the delivery is spontaneous and adaptable