Communicable Diseases and Immunity Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is defined as a state of discomfort where normal body function is affected?

  • Health
  • Diagnosis
  • Immunity
  • Disease (correct)

    • What does a person's immune system use to fight infections?

  • Red blood cells
  • Hormones
  • Antibodies (correct)
  • Platelets

    • Which of the following is an example of a communicable disease?

  • Hypertension
  • Cancer
  • Diabetes
  • Influenza (correct)

    • What is the primary function of white blood cells in the context of disease?

    <p>To produce antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a source of transmission for communicable diseases?

    <p>Air and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a person who has immunity to a specific disease?

    <p>They resist and destroy the germs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best contrasts disease and health?

    <p>Health reflects optimal body function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might one person not catch a viral fever despite exposure?

    <p>They have immunity to the virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Hepatitis as noted in the content?

    <p>Yellowish tinge in eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases requires maintaining strict hygiene and a balanced diet?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a method of HIV/AIDS transmission?

    <p>Using the same toilet seat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a person is diagnosed with Malaria?

    <p>Get a blood test done to confirm malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommendation during the treatment of Influenza?

    <p>Control the fever with medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is associated with Tetanus?

    <p>Severe muscle spasms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an appropriate nutritional recommendation for a person infected with HIV?

    <p>Nutritious diet with healthy lifestyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Pertussis?

    <p>Bouts of cough with whooping sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment recommendation for Malaria?

    <p>Give prescribed medicines after blood test confirmation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about HIV/AIDS is correct?

    <p>The HIV virus attacks the body’s defense system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial lifestyle factor contributing to the rise of lifestyle diseases?

    <p>Overeating processed and packaged foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diseases are classified as lifestyle diseases?

    <p>Chronic diseases that do not spread from person to person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for lifestyle diseases?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method can help prevent lifestyle diseases according to the provided guidelines?

    <p>Practicing yoga or meditation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices contributes to being overweight and obese?

    <p>Using cars instead of walking for short trips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of untreated lifestyle diseases?

    <p>Chronic dysfunctioning in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dietary habit is advisable to prevent lifestyle diseases?

    <p>Consuming a balanced diet at regular meal times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the significant economic impacts of lifestyle diseases?

    <p>Economic burden on individuals and families</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a suggestion for physical activity mentioned?

    <p>Walking regularly and doing exercises like aerobics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one is a common lifestyle disease mentioned?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach to manage an illness at home?

    <p>Consulting a doctor and following their advice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does hereditary play in lifestyle diseases?

    <p>It is a non-modifiable risk factor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What benefit is associated with drinking plenty of water?

    <p>It helps in maintaining a healthy weight and supports metabolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period?

    <p>The gap of time between the entry of germs into the body and the appearance of symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases can be spread through contaminated food or water?

    <p>Cholera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can airborne diseases spread?

    <p>When a person coughs or sneezes, releasing germs into the air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an indirect contact mode of disease transmission?

    <p>Using a towel that an infected person dried with.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a preventive measure against communicable diseases?

    <p>Consuming raw food without washing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended practice regarding drinking water at home?

    <p>Boil drinking water for at least 10 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of transmission is related to the interaction with insects?

    <p>Germs being carried from rubbish to food by flies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do to maintain personal hygiene to prevent communicable diseases?

    <p>Keep personal belongings separate from infected individuals’ belongings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which practice helps prevent the spread of disease in crowded places?

    <p>Staying away from such places when sick.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is spread through sexual contact?

    <p>Hepatitis B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk associated with drinking untreated water from wells or ponds?

    <p>It is more likely to contain disease-causing germs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item should be disinfected regularly to prevent disease transmission?

    <p>Common utensils and shared items.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can cholera be primarily prevented?

    <p>By ensuring good hygiene and using clean water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Disease

    • Disease is a state where the body's normal functioning is affected, opposite to health.
    • Diseases have specific signs and symptoms.
    • Examples include sore throat, blocked nose, body ache, fever (common cold) and restlessness, disorientation, fatigue (hypertension).
    • Two main disease categories are: Communicable and Lifestyle diseases.

    Immunity

    • The body's defense system protects against germs through white blood cells.
    • White blood cells produce antibodies to fight germs.
    • Immunity is the body's ability to resist a particular disease.
    • If germs overcome antibodies, disease symptoms appear.

    Communicable Diseases

    • Spread from person to person.
    • Caused by germs and parasites.
    • Spread through touch, contact with infected objects, contaminated air, food, water, or sexual contact.
    • Examples: Influenza, polio, typhoid, measles, mumps, chickenpox, TB, STIs, AIDS.

    Causes of Communicable Diseases

    • Germs present in air, water, and soil
    • Germs multiply and disrupt normal body function, causing symptoms.
    • Incubation period is the time between germ entry and symptom onset; may be different per disease

    How Communicable Diseases Spread

    • Food and Water: Uncovered food and water can be contaminated due to unhygienic preparation, dirty utensils, and insects. Tap water is safer than water from wells, ponds, or streams. Spread diseases like diarrhea, hepatitis, cholera, typhoid.
    • Air: Coughing, speaking, or sneezing by an infected person releases germs into the air. Germs spread in crowded and poorly ventilated places.
    • Contact: Direct contact (touching an infected person or sexual contact) spread diseases like common cold, diphtheria, cholera, TB, pneumonia, measles, meningitis (and some STIs). Indirect contact (using infected objects) also spreads diseases.
    • Insects: Insects carry germs from rubbish and garbage to food. Spread diseases like cholera. Mosquitoes spread diseases like malaria, dengue, and Japanese encephalitis.

    Prevention of Communicable Diseases

    • Keep infected person's belongings separate.
    • Keep water covered and boil it before use.
    • Cover food and avoid uncovered fruits and vegetables.
    • Wash utensils, hands, and maintain personal hygiene.
    • Keep homes well-ventilated.
    • Avoid crowded places.
    • Get vaccinations.
    • Practice good hygiene and clean surroundings.

    Lifestyle Diseases

    • Not spread from person to person; caused by lifestyle factors. Examples are obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
    • Chronic, long-term problems.
    • Often originate slowly, without early symptoms.
    • Increasingly common worldwide.
    • Modifiable risk factors include diet, exercise, smoking, alcohol, and stress. Non-modifiable factors include age and heredity.

    Prevention of Lifestyle Diseases

    • Exercise regularly (walking, yoga, aerobics, cycling).
    • Use stairs instead of elevators.
    • Maintain a balanced diet and avoid overeating.
    • Avoid processed foods, including sugar, fat, and salt.
    • Consume whole grains and fruits/vegetables.
    • Drink plenty of water.
    • Practice yoga or meditation.
    • Avoid smoking/alcohol.
    • Reduce sedentary time.

    Caring for the Sick at Home

    • Consult a doctor immediately.
    • Follow the doctor's advice.
    • Provide a proper diet and adequate rest.
    • Keep the patient's room clean.

    Specific Communicable Diseases (Table Summary)

    • Provides information on the specific communicable disease (Cholera, Typhoid, Hepatitis, Influenza, TB, Malaria, Tetanus, Pertussis (whooping cough)); mode of spread, symptoms, incubation period, and management. (Specific details from the table).

    HIV/AIDS

    • Caused by HIV, a virus that weakens the immune system.
    • HIV can lead to AIDS.
    • Transmission occurs through sexual contact, blood transfusions, use of infected needles, or from infected mother to child.
    • HIV/AIDS does not spread through casual contact (shaking hands, kissing).
    • No cure or vaccine yet.
    • Prevention includes: limiting sex partners, safe sex practices, using sterile needles, getting tested before blood transfusions, seeking medical advice during pregnancy.
    • HIV infection is different from AIDS; the infected person can have a productive life by maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on communicable diseases and the body's immune system. This quiz covers the definitions, causes, and examples of various diseases and explores how immunity functions to protect our health. Understand the difference between communicable and lifestyle diseases in this informative quiz.

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