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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is not a characteristic of common stock?
Which of the following is not a characteristic of common stock?
- has no maturity date
- considered a permanent form of long-term financing
- is a residual form of ownership
- has claims on assets prior to those of preferred stock (correct)
Stockholders' equity includes all of the following except:
Stockholders' equity includes all of the following except:
- Treasury stock (correct)
- Contributed capital in excess of par
- Retained earnings
- Common stock at par
The market value of common stock is primarily based on
The market value of common stock is primarily based on
- the firm's future earnings (correct)
- total assets
- book value
- retained earnings
Common stockholders have a number of general rights, including all of the following except:
Common stockholders have a number of general rights, including all of the following except:
The book value of an asset represents
The book value of an asset represents
In a reverse stock split
In a reverse stock split
Which of the following is not an advantage of common stock financing?
Which of the following is not an advantage of common stock financing?
A change in the market price of an asset will occur as a result of changes in:
A change in the market price of an asset will occur as a result of changes in:
In the constant-growth dividend valuation model, the required rate of return must be ______ the dividend growth rate in order for the formula price to be meaningful.
In the constant-growth dividend valuation model, the required rate of return must be ______ the dividend growth rate in order for the formula price to be meaningful.
In the constant-growth dividend valuation model, the required rate of return on a common stock can be shown to be equal to the sum of the dividend yield plus:
In the constant-growth dividend valuation model, the required rate of return on a common stock can be shown to be equal to the sum of the dividend yield plus:
The valuation of common stock is considerably more complicated than the valuation of bonds or preferred stocks because:
The valuation of common stock is considerably more complicated than the valuation of bonds or preferred stocks because:
In the valuation of common stock, the simple annuity and perpetuity formulas used in the valuation of bonds and preferred stock are not generally applicable because:
In the valuation of common stock, the simple annuity and perpetuity formulas used in the valuation of bonds and preferred stock are not generally applicable because:
One of the assumptions of the constant growth dividend valuation model is that
One of the assumptions of the constant growth dividend valuation model is that
The most important factor to be considered in the valuation of a closely held firm is
The most important factor to be considered in the valuation of a closely held firm is
Stockholders' equity equals
Stockholders' equity equals
A common stock's book value is calculated
A common stock's book value is calculated
From an accounting standpoint, stock dividends involve a transfer from the
From an accounting standpoint, stock dividends involve a transfer from the
Which one of the following is not a reason a firm may decide to repurchase its own stock?
Which one of the following is not a reason a firm may decide to repurchase its own stock?
The returns investors receive from holding common stocks may be in two forms. They are
The returns investors receive from holding common stocks may be in two forms. They are
The constant growth dividend valuation model does not hold when
The constant growth dividend valuation model does not hold when
If the general level of interest rates in the economy moves up, then investors will require a ______ rate of return on securities, and, in general, stock prices should ______, ceteris paribus.
If the general level of interest rates in the economy moves up, then investors will require a ______ rate of return on securities, and, in general, stock prices should ______, ceteris paribus.
If competition in an industry increases, the future growth potential should
If competition in an industry increases, the future growth potential should
The zero growth dividend valuation model is used when a firm's future dividends are expected to remain constant, ______
The zero growth dividend valuation model is used when a firm's future dividends are expected to remain constant, ______
When evaluating a firm based on price/earnings multiples, the evaluator must determine the price/earnings multiple for
When evaluating a firm based on price/earnings multiples, the evaluator must determine the price/earnings multiple for
A firm that wishes to raise additional equity capital by selling a portion of the existing owners' stock while maintaining control of the firm should consider a ______.
A firm that wishes to raise additional equity capital by selling a portion of the existing owners' stock while maintaining control of the firm should consider a ______.
A firm may use a stock repurchase ______
A firm may use a stock repurchase ______
In the constant growth dividend valuation model, the required rate of return on a common stock is equal to the sum of the ______
In the constant growth dividend valuation model, the required rate of return on a common stock is equal to the sum of the ______
In the constant growth dividend valuation model, it is assumed that the ______
In the constant growth dividend valuation model, it is assumed that the ______
An arrangement whereby an investment banker agrees to purchase an entire new issue of securities is called ______
An arrangement whereby an investment banker agrees to purchase an entire new issue of securities is called ______
The difference between the selling price to the public of a new issue and the net the issuing firm actually receives is known as the ______
The difference between the selling price to the public of a new issue and the net the issuing firm actually receives is known as the ______
All of the following are advantages of private security placements (over a public offering) except ______
All of the following are advantages of private security placements (over a public offering) except ______
A firm may sell its common stock directly to its existing stockholders through a ______
A firm may sell its common stock directly to its existing stockholders through a ______
Direct issuance costs are ______
Direct issuance costs are ______
In marketing a new security issue, the investment banker assumes the risk of not being able to sell the security at a favorable price in each of the following cases except:
In marketing a new security issue, the investment banker assumes the risk of not being able to sell the security at a favorable price in each of the following cases except:
An investment banker is generally thought to be qualified to advise a corporation on a variety of matters, including all the following except:
An investment banker is generally thought to be qualified to advise a corporation on a variety of matters, including all the following except:
In addition to direct costs, there are other costs associated with new security offerings. These other costs include all of the following except:
In addition to direct costs, there are other costs associated with new security offerings. These other costs include all of the following except:
Which of the following are reasons why large multinational corporations may sell equity in international markets rather than selling stock only in the country in which they are domiciled?
Which of the following are reasons why large multinational corporations may sell equity in international markets rather than selling stock only in the country in which they are domiciled?
The P/E ratio indicates
The P/E ratio indicates
Common stock dividends normally are paid
Common stock dividends normally are paid
In stock quotations, the last column, showing the net change, indicates the net change in
In stock quotations, the last column, showing the net change, indicates the net change in
Many preferred stocks are treated as____in determining their values.
Many preferred stocks are treated as____in determining their values.
When a stock is split 2 for 1, then the____ figure on the firm's balance sheet is cut in half.
When a stock is split 2 for 1, then the____ figure on the firm's balance sheet is cut in half.
The rights of stockholders to share equally on a per share basis in any distributions of corporate earnings is known as ____.
The rights of stockholders to share equally on a per share basis in any distributions of corporate earnings is known as ____.
____ result in what is known as treasury stock.
____ result in what is known as treasury stock.
Listed below are some of the responsibilities of investment bankers. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
Listed below are some of the responsibilities of investment bankers. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
The zero growth method is used to value
The zero growth method is used to value
The book value per share of common stock is calculated by dividing by the number of shares outstanding
The book value per share of common stock is calculated by dividing by the number of shares outstanding
All of the following are ways that securities are offered to the public in a public offering EXCEPT:
All of the following are ways that securities are offered to the public in a public offering EXCEPT:
In a liquidation of a firm due to bankruptcy, which of the following usually gets paid last?
In a liquidation of a firm due to bankruptcy, which of the following usually gets paid last?
The returns from most common stocks are
The returns from most common stocks are
Common stockholders’ claim on assets is considered after which of the following:
Common stockholders’ claim on assets is considered after which of the following:
In valuing a company that sells products and services,____ is the most important factor in the valuation of closely held firms.
In valuing a company that sells products and services,____ is the most important factor in the valuation of closely held firms.
Of the following common stock rights, which allows common stockholders to buy more shares of common stock in order to retain their pro-rata share of ownership in the company?
Of the following common stock rights, which allows common stockholders to buy more shares of common stock in order to retain their pro-rata share of ownership in the company?
Stock splits are:
Stock splits are:
All of the following are reasons that companies hold treasury stock EXCEPT:
All of the following are reasons that companies hold treasury stock EXCEPT:
Flashcards
Common Stock
Common Stock
A form of ownership in a corporation that gives holders the right to vote on company matters and receive dividends.
Book Value Per Share
Book Value Per Share
The value of a share of common stock determined by dividing the total common stockholders' equity by the number of shares outstanding.
Market Value Per Share
Market Value Per Share
The price at which a share of common stock is currently trading in the market.
Required Rate of Return (RRR)
Required Rate of Return (RRR)
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Constant Growth Dividend Valuation Model
Constant Growth Dividend Valuation Model
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Dividend Yield
Dividend Yield
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Capital Gains Yield
Capital Gains Yield
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Zero Growth Dividend Valuation Model
Zero Growth Dividend Valuation Model
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Price-Earnings (P/E) Ratio
Price-Earnings (P/E) Ratio
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Shelf Registration
Shelf Registration
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Underwriting Spread
Underwriting Spread
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Underwriting
Underwriting
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Purchasing Syndicate
Purchasing Syndicate
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Negotiated Underwriting
Negotiated Underwriting
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Competitive Bidding
Competitive Bidding
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Best Efforts Offering
Best Efforts Offering
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Rights Offering
Rights Offering
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Stock Split
Stock Split
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Stock Dividend
Stock Dividend
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Treasury Stock
Treasury Stock
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Cumulative Voting
Cumulative Voting
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Majority Voting
Majority Voting
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Nonvoting Stock
Nonvoting Stock
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Class B Stock
Class B Stock
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Valuation
Valuation
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Valuation of Closely Held Firms
Valuation of Closely Held Firms
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Earnings Capacity
Earnings Capacity
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Board of Directors
Board of Directors
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Investment Risk
Investment Risk
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Business Risk
Business Risk
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Market Risk
Market Risk
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Financial Risk
Financial Risk
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Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)
Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)
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Study Notes
Common Stock Characteristics, Valuation, and Issuance
- Common stock has no maturity date
- It's considered permanent long-term financing
- Stockholders' equity includes common stock at par, contributed capital in excess of par, and retained earnings, but not treasury stock.
- Book value per share is calculated by dividing total common stockholder's equity by number of shares outstanding.
- Market value is primarily based on the firm's future earnings.
- Common stockholders have voting rights, asset rights, and dividend rights, but not management rights.
- Reverse stock splits decrease the number of shares.
- In a reverse stock split, the market value does not decrease, and par value does not decrease.
- A disadvantage of common stock financing is high flotation costs.
Valuation of Common Stock
- The valuation of common stock is more complex than that of bonds or preferred stock.
- Common stock returns can take two forms: annual cash payments and price appreciation.
- These returns are generally expected to grow, not remain constant.
- Many preferred stocks are treated as perpetuities in determining their values.
- Investors buy common stock for different reasons than they buy bonds or preferred stock.
- Constant growth dividend valuation models require the required rate of return to be greater than the dividend growth rate.
- In the constant growth dividend valuation model, the required rate of return is equal to the sum of the dividend yield and the price appreciation yield.
Repurchasing Stock
- Repurchasing stock can be used as a future corporate need.
- Repurchasing stock can be used as a financial restructuring strategy.
Additional Information
- An arrangement where an investment banker agrees to purchase an entire new issue of securities is called underwriting.
- The difference between selling price to the public vs the net price for the company is called the underwriting spread.
- A group of underwriters who share responsibility for selling a security issue is called a purchasing syndicate.
- Private security placements have reduced flotation costs, and greater flexibility, and save time when compared to public offerings.
- Investing firms assume risk for best efforts offerings.
- Direct costs of issuing securities include the cost of incentives and possible decline in stock price.
- A procedure that allows a company to file a registrar statement with the SEC and later sell stock increments is a shelf registration.
- The general level of interest rates moving up will cause investors to require a higher rate of return, which will result in a decline in stock prices.
- If competition in an industry increases, future growth prospects will decrease.
- The zero growth dividend valuation model assumes that firm's future dividends will remain constant leading to a constant firm value.
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