Common Risk Factors and Symptoms of Candidiasis
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of invasive candidiasis?

  • Results in bloodstream invasion and hematogenous spread (correct)
  • Involves only the skin or mucous membranes
  • Causes gastritis more commonly than esophagitis
  • Typically does not cause dysphagia

    • What is the primary cause of onychomycosis (fungal nail infection)?

  • Non-dermatophyte fungi
  • A combination of Candida and dermatophytes
  • Dermatophytes (correct)
  • Candida spp.

    • What is the most common manifestation of gastrointestinal candidiasis?

  • Substernal pain
  • Gastritis
  • Esophagitis (correct)
  • Dysphagia

    • Which of the following is a key characteristic of vaginal candidiasis (vulvovaginitis)?

    <p>It is attributed especially in immunocompromised patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of candidal onychomycosis?

    <p>Candida spp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the soft tissue in the lateral fissure of infants allowing candidal infection?

    <p>Presence of saliva in the area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of paronychomycosis?

    <p>Disruption of the balance between Lactobacillus and Candida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main symptom of paronychomycosis?

    <p>Swollen, red and painful skin around the fingernail or toenail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of intertriginous candidiasis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is intertriginous candidiasis commonly seen?

    <p>Axillae, groin, inter and submammary folds, intergluteal folds, interdigital spaces and umbilicus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of candidal diaper dermatitis?

    <p>Heat and friction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of urinary tract infection caused by Candida?

    <p>Severe infection of the upper urinary tract, including necrosis of the renal papillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common risk factor for oral candidiasis (thrush)?

    <p>HIV/AIDS or chemotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Candida glabrata?

    <p>Notable consumer of trehalose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the morphology of Candida species, except for Candida glabrata?

    <p>Oval yeast-like forms that produce buds or blastoconidia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of oral candidiasis in patients with HIV?

    <p>It is a common initial infection and a marker of immune failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is angular cheilitis (perleche)?

    <p>A condition affecting the commissures of the mouth, causing redness, crusting, and scaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic colony morphology of Candida albicans and other Candida species?

    <p>Smooth, white, creamy, and domed colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Cornmeal Tween 80 agar?

    <p>To detect the characteristic chlamydoconidia produced by C. albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the direct microscopic examination of scrapings from mucosal or cutaneous lesions is correct?

    <p>It involves treatment with 10-20% potassium hydroxide (KOH) and may include the use of calcofluor white</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Candida species is specifically mentioned in the text for its distinctive morphological features on colony growth?

    <p>C. albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Carbohydrate Assimilation Test (CAT) mentioned in the text?

    <p>To identify C. krusei based on its glucose assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Candida species is mentioned in the text as being poorly stained with H&E but staining well with PAS, Gomori Methenamine Silver, and Gridley fungus stains?

    <p>All Candida species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of inoculating tissue specimens, scrapings, and swabs from the mouth or vagina onto primary fungal isolation media?

    <p>To obtain a definitive identification of the Candida species present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most generally accepted and economical method used in the clinical laboratory to identify yeasts?

    <p>Germ tube test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of yeasts recovered from clinical specimens are Candida albicans?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of adhesins in the invasion process?

    <p>To allow yeast cells to stick to host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Candida species can form biofilms on both living and non-living surfaces?

    <p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between germ tubes and pseudohyphae?

    <p>Germ tubes have parallel sides and are aseptate, while pseudohyphae are septate and constricted at the point of origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

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