Common Metals and Non-Metals Uses

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What happens to the color of iron sulphate solution when zinc is added?

It remains light green.

It turns blue.

It becomes darker green.

It becomes colorless. (correct)

Which statement accurately describes the chemical reactivity of zinc compared to iron and copper?

Zinc cannot participate in any displacement reactions.

Zinc is less reactive than both iron and copper.

Zinc can displace both iron and copper from their salt solutions. (correct)

Zinc is the least reactive metal in the reaction series.

What type of chemical reaction is demonstrated when iron sulphate reacts with zinc?

Double displacement reaction.

Chemical displacement reaction. (correct)

Neutralization reaction.

Oxidation-reduction reaction.

Why does no reaction occur when zinc sulphate is mixed with iron?

Iron cannot displace zinc due to its lower reactivity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following uses of metals is correctly matched?

Zinc is often used in dentistry. Signup and view all the answers

Which metal is primarily used in the construction of machines?

Iron Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of zinc in industry?

Galvanization of iron Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following non-metals is used in the production of fertilizers?

Phosphorus Signup and view all the answers

Which metal is specifically noted for its role in biological systems?

Iron Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of chlorine in water treatment processes?

It purifies water. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following metals is used for electroplating?

Nickel Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of graphite in machinery?

As a lubricant Signup and view all the answers

Which metal is known for its strategic importance in defense and space projects?

Titanium Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical displacement reaction?

When a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution. Signup and view all the answers

In the reactivity series, where does aluminum rank in comparison to iron?

Aluminum is more reactive than iron. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the color of copper sulfate solution when zinc is added?

It becomes colorless due to the formation of colorless zinc sulfate. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following metals is the least reactive according to the metals reactivity series?

Platinum Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes a reaction involving copper and iron?

Iron displaces copper from copper sulfate solution. Signup and view all the answers

What type of products are typically formed when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive one from a solution?

A solid metal and a new salt solution are formed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the reactivity series in industrial applications?

It helps predict reactions to extract metals from ores. Signup and view all the answers

Which non-metal is commonly recognized for its reactivity and usage in fertilizers?

Nitrogen Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Common Metals and Their Uses

Gold, silver, and platinum are used in making jewelry.
Zinc is used for galvanizing iron to protect it from rusting.
Iron is used in making machines and steel for utensils.
Copper is used in making electrical wires.
Aluminum and titanium are used in the International Space Station, cooking utensils, aircraft, ships, cars, overhead cables, welding railroad tracks, and other various applications.
Strategic metals like titanium, chromium, manganese, and zirconium are important for their use in atomic energy, space science projects, jet engines, high-grade steels, and defense equipment.
Tin is used for soldering, foils, prevents chemical action and corrosion, and panel lighting.
Lead is used in making water pipes, pigments, batteries, and alloys.
Mercury is used in thermometers.
Nickel and chromium are used for electroplating.

Non-metals and Their Uses

Oxygen plays a crucial role in daily life.
Sulphur is used in manufacturing sulfuric acid, matchboxes, gunpowder, antiseptic ointments, and in the rubber industry for vulcanization.
Graphite is used as a dry lubricant in machine parts.
Phosphorus is used in fertilizers to enhance plant growth and in crackers.
Chlorine tablets and bleaching powder are used in water purification.
Hydrogen and oxygen are used in cutting and welding with an oxy-hydrogen flame.
Iodine is used to prevent thyroid problems, applied as a wound antiseptic, and in medical research to keep tissue samples frozen.

Reactivity Series of Metals

The reactivity series of metals is a vertical arrangement of metals arranged in a decreasing order of reactivity.
Metals more reactive than hydrogen include potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, iron, nickel, tin, and lead.
Metals less reactive than hydrogen include copper, mercury, silver, platinum, and gold.

Displacement Reaction

A displacement reaction occurs when a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its aqueous salt solution.
The metal more reactive in the metal activity series can displace another metal from its salt solution.
The chemical reaction that takes place in this scenario is called displacement reaction.

Displacement Reaction Examples

Iron + Copper Sulphate → Iron Sulphate + Copper
This experiment demonstrates that iron is more reactive than copper, and therefore displaces copper from its salt solution.
Zinc + Copper Sulphate → Zinc Sulphate + Copper
Similar to the previous example, zinc is more reactive than copper, and therefore displaces copper from its salt solution.
Zinc + Iron Sulphate → Zinc Sulphate + Iron
Zinc is more reactive than iron, and therefore displaces iron from its salt solution.
Copper + Iron Sulphate → No reaction
Copper is less reactive than iron and cannot displace iron from its salt solution.
Iron + Zinc Sulphate → No reaction
Iron is less reactive than zinc and cannot displace zinc from its salt solution.
From these observations, it can be concluded that zinc is the most reactive metal, followed by iron, and then copper.

Key Insights on Metal Reactivity

The metal activity series is a valuable tool to predict the outcome of chemical reactions between metals and their salt solutions.
The relative reactivity of metals plays an important role in how they interact with each other and with other substances.
Understanding the concept of displacement reactions provides insight into the fundamental principles of chemical reactivity.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz explores the various common metals and non-metals, identifying their applications in everyday life and industrial uses. You'll learn how each element contributes to diverse fields like jewelry making, construction, and technology. Test your knowledge on the importance of these elements!