Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of the liver concerning ammonia in the body?
What is the primary role of the liver concerning ammonia in the body?
The liver converts ammonia to urea, which is then excreted in urine.
List two factors that could interfere with blood ammonia testing.
List two factors that could interfere with blood ammonia testing.
Smoking and a high-protein diet can interfere with blood ammonia testing.
What could indicate liver disease based on blood ammonia levels?
What could indicate liver disease based on blood ammonia levels?
Higher blood ammonia levels can indicate liver disease such as cirrhosis or hepatitis.
Explain why strenuous exercise before a blood ammonia test can affect the results.
Explain why strenuous exercise before a blood ammonia test can affect the results.
What might lower blood ammonia levels in a patient?
What might lower blood ammonia levels in a patient?
What is the normal range for albumin (AL) in g/L?
What is the normal range for albumin (AL) in g/L?
Name two tests included in the complete blood count and differential.
Name two tests included in the complete blood count and differential.
What type of specimen is typically used for chemistry tests?
What type of specimen is typically used for chemistry tests?
Which test is used to monitor liver function and measure ammonia levels?
Which test is used to monitor liver function and measure ammonia levels?
What are two indications for measuring albumin levels?
What are two indications for measuring albumin levels?
What could lead to artificially high albumin results?
What could lead to artificially high albumin results?
For a urinalysis, what is the primary purpose?
For a urinalysis, what is the primary purpose?
List one drug that can interfere with normal serum electrophoretic patterns for albumin testing.
List one drug that can interfere with normal serum electrophoretic patterns for albumin testing.
What is the role of albumin in the body?
What is the role of albumin in the body?
Why is ammonia testing important for diagnosing liver diseases?
Why is ammonia testing important for diagnosing liver diseases?
What does a complete blood count (CBC) measure?
What does a complete blood count (CBC) measure?
Identify the two main categories of tests included in coagulation studies.
Identify the two main categories of tests included in coagulation studies.
What specimen is typically used for urinalysis?
What specimen is typically used for urinalysis?
What lifestyle factor could affect blood glucose (GLU) testing results?
What lifestyle factor could affect blood glucose (GLU) testing results?
List one indication for performing a urinalysis.
List one indication for performing a urinalysis.
What does the normal range for creatinine (Cr) typically indicate?
What does the normal range for creatinine (Cr) typically indicate?
Which common lab test could reveal signs of malnutrition?
Which common lab test could reveal signs of malnutrition?
What does the term 'culture and sensitivity' in urine tests refer to?
What does the term 'culture and sensitivity' in urine tests refer to?
How does the liver contribute to the metabolism of ammonia in the body?
How does the liver contribute to the metabolism of ammonia in the body?
What could be a consequence of high blood ammonia levels related to liver function?
What could be a consequence of high blood ammonia levels related to liver function?
Which type of blood tube is used for testing ammonia levels?
Which type of blood tube is used for testing ammonia levels?
Identify one interfering factor that can increase blood ammonia levels.
Identify one interfering factor that can increase blood ammonia levels.
What impact does a high-protein diet have on blood ammonia testing?
What impact does a high-protein diet have on blood ammonia testing?
In what condition could extremely high ammonia levels be observed aside from liver disease?
In what condition could extremely high ammonia levels be observed aside from liver disease?
What is the role of amylase in the body?
What is the role of amylase in the body?
How might strenuous exercise before an ammonia test affect the results?
How might strenuous exercise before an ammonia test affect the results?
Which condition might cause elevated ammonia levels associated with severe bleeding?
Which condition might cause elevated ammonia levels associated with severe bleeding?
What is one indication for measuring ammonia levels in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition?
What is one indication for measuring ammonia levels in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition?
Study Notes
Common Lab Tests
- Chemistry tests measure the levels of chemical components in bodily fluids and tissues to detect abnormalities.
- Blood and urine are the most common specimens used in chemistry testing.
- Albumin (AL) is a protein made in the liver that maintains colloidal osmotic pressure.
- Normal range: 35–50 g/L
- Used to diagnose and monitor diseases of the liver, impaired nutrition, chronic edema, and cancer.
- Low levels can indicate malnutrition, liver disease, ascites, inflammatory disease, autoimmune disorder, GI malabsorption syndromes, and pregnancy.
- High levels can indicate severe dehydration.
- Ammonia (AMM, NH3) is a byproduct of protein breakdown. The liver converts ammonia to urea for excretion in urine.
- Normal range: 6–47 mcmol/L
- Used to diagnose severe liver diseases, check liver function, monitor treatment for severe liver disease, and monitor levels in people receiving total parenteral nutrition.
- Low levels can indicate essential or malignant hypertension.
- High levels can indicate liver disease (cirrhosis or hepatitis), Reye syndrome, heart failure, kidney failure, or severe bleeding from the stomach or intestines.
- Amylase (AMY) is an enzyme that helps digest carbohydrates.
- Normal range: Varies based on lab and method.
- Used to diagnose and monitor pancreatitis, and detect other conditions that affect the pancreas, salivary glands, and intestines.
- Low levels can indicate pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, cystic fibrosis, and other conditions.
- High levels can indicate pancreatitis, mumps, salivary gland infections, and other conditions.
Common Lab Tests
- Chemistry Tests measure the level of chemical components in body fluids and tissues to detect abnormalities.
- Albumin (AL)
- Normal Range: 35–50 g/L
- Used to diagnose and monitor diseases of the liver, impaired nutrition, chronic edema, and cancer.
- Component of total serum protein (pre-albumin, albumin, and globulins).
- Albumin is a protein that is made in the liver.
- Albumin maintains colloidal osmotic pressure.
- Blood Tube: Red
- Urine: 24-hour urine collection.
- Lower Results: Indicative of malnutrition, Liver disease, Ascites, Inflammatory disease, Autoimmune disorder, GI malabsorption syndromes, Pregnancy.
- Higher Results: Severe dehydration.
- Ammonia (AMM, NH3)
- Normal Range: 6–47 mcmol/L
- Used to diagnose severe liver diseases.
- Measures the amount of ammonia in the blood.
- Ammonia in the body is created by the breakdown of protein.
- The liver converts ammonia to urea, which is excreted as urine in the kidneys.
- Blood Tube: Green
- Lower Results: Essential or malignant hypertension
- Higher Results: Liver disease (cirrhosis or hepatitis), Reye syndrome, Heart failure, Kidney failure, Severe bleeding from stomach or intestines.
- Amylase (AMY)
- Serum Amylase: 25–125 IU/L
- Pancreatic Amylase: 1–10 IU/L
- Amylase is an enzyme that helps digest carbohydrates.
- It is produced by the pancreas and salivary glands.
- Used to diagnose acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and other conditions that can damage the pancreas.
- Blood Tube: Red
- Lower Results: Not clinically significant.
- Higher Results: Acute pancreatitis, Chronic pancreatitis, Renal failure, Mumps, Salivary gland disorders, Perforated peptic ulcer, Bowel obstruction, Abdominal trauma
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Description
Explore the various common laboratory tests used in chemistry, focusing on blood and urine analysis. This quiz covers key components like Albumin and Ammonia, their normal ranges, and their significance in diagnosing health conditions. Test your understanding of how these tests aid in assessing liver function and overall health.
