Commercial Pilot Study Guide Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is common carriage?

  • Transport of cargo or passengers to select few customers
  • Transport exclusively for private events
  • Transport of only personal belongings
  • Transport of cargo or passengers as a result of advertising (correct)

    • What is private carriage?

    Private transport of cargo or passengers to a select few customers.

    What are the limitations on a commercial license without an IFR rating?

    Can't carry passengers on next XC flights or 50 nautical miles or at night.

    What must you have in your possession to be a Pilot in Command (PIC)?

    <p>Photo ID, valid certificate, current medical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many days do you have to notify the FAA of a change in permanent address?

    <p>30 days.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if your certificate is lost or destroyed?

    <p>An application for replacement is made by letter to the FAA, and you may obtain a fax confirming it was issued.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What flight experience must be met to be PIC in high performance?

    <p>Logged ground and flight training in high performance aircraft or simulator, and received endorsement in logbook.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What requirements must be met to be PIC in pressurized aircraft?

    <p>Logged ground and flight training, and an endorsement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What requirements must be met to be PIC in a tailwheel aircraft?

    <p>Logged flight training, and an endorsement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type ratings are required?

    <p>Larger aircraft (gross weight over 12,500 lbs) except lighter-than-air and turbojet airplanes, as specified by the FAA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can you log second in command?

    <p>When the aircraft requires two pilots, and you are qualified for the SIC requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can you log night flights?

    <p>Between the end of civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the requirements to be current as a commercial pilot?

    <p>Biannual carry passengers takeoffs and landings within the past 90 days; if at night, they must be done at night.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medical certification is required for commercial pilots?

    <p>A second class medical is required to exercise commercial pilot privileges, with a duration of 12 calendar months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is a commercial pilot required to log all flight time?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document is required to be displayed to both passengers and crew?

    <p>The airworthiness certificate or special flight authorization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you tell if your aircraft has a mode C transponder?

    <p>Reference the current weight and balance equipment list.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Limits for normal and utility category are +__ Gs for normal, and +__ Gs for utility.

    <p>3.8; 4.4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are airplane flight manuals (AFM) required to be on board all aircraft?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are special flight permits, and when are they necessary?

    <p>Special flight permits are needed when an aircraft does not meet airworthiness requirements but is safe for a specific flight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of high-performance aircraft?

    <p>It has an engine with more than 200 hp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can you fly with inoperative equipment?

    <p>Either on the MEL or if not required or it is placarded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done when a piece of equipment is changed?

    <p>Change the weight and balance and equipment list.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does an airworthiness certificate remain valid?

    <p>As long as maintenance is performed and the aircraft is registered in the US.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are required maintenance tasks on aircraft?

    <p>Annual inspections; the 100-hour inspection is only required if the aircraft is for hire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can an aircraft exceed 100 hours before inspection?

    <p>An aircraft can go up to 10 hours past the 100-hour limit if scheduled for maintenance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is preventative maintenance, and who can perform it?

    <p>Preventative maintenance includes tasks like oil changes and can be performed by certified pilots with at least a private pilot certificate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are airworthiness directives?

    <p>Notices by the FAA to inform aircraft owners of unsafe conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are flight controls operated?

    <p>By rod or cable system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do flaps do?

    <p>Increase lift and drag, allowing for slower airspeed at steeper angles of descent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe a typical wing flap system.

    <p>The Cessna has a single slot type flap system extending at 10/20/30 degree intervals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are spoilers?

    <p>Devices on the wing that slow down the aircraft in flight or on the ground.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some speeds that are not marked on the face of the airspeed indicator?

    <p>Maneuvering speed (Va), landing gear operating speed (Vlo), and landing gear extended speed (Vle).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the VSI work?

    <p>An aneroid inside a case, vented through the static source, changes slower than the aneroid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are hydraulic equipment in aircraft?

    <p>Retractable landing gear, emergency hand pump, and hydraulically actuated brakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides power to landing gear?

    <p>An electrically driven hydraulic power pack located behind the firewall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the gear locked in the down position?

    <p>Mechanical down locks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a landing gear locked in the up position?

    <p>Positive up pressure maintained by the hydraulic power pack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is accidental gear retraction prevented on the ground?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of landing gear warning system is used?

    <p>A warning sound activates if manifold pressure is less than 12 inches at low altitude with gear up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time needed for landing gear operation?

    <p>Five to seven seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can the hand-operated pump retract landing gear?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are turbochargers?

    <p>Devices that compress thin air, providing pressurized air to the engine using exhaust gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are cowl flaps?

    <p>Slots on the engine cowling to control the operating temperature of the engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When are cowl flaps used?

    <p>Normally open during engine start, taxiing, takeoff, and climb; closed during descent and approaches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is service ceiling?

    <p>Altitude at which the aircraft's maximum rate of climb is no more than 100 ft/m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a climb propeller?

    <p>Low pitch, less drag, higher RPM for better performance during takeoff and climb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a variable pitch prop?

    <p>A propeller that maintains constant engine RPM as you climb and descend.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is detonation?

    <p>Explosion of fuel in the cylinder instead of burning smoothly, caused by high power settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the dangers of decompression?

    <p>Hypoxia, ejection from the airplane, and exposure to extreme cold.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are there backups to vacuum systems?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the procedure for resetting a circuit breaker?

    <p>Allow it to cool for two minutes, then reset. If it pops out again, do not reset again.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is induced drag?

    <p>Drag produced by lift, which decreases with airspeed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is absolute ceiling?

    <p>Altitude where climb is no longer possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How to lean mixture?

    <p>Lean until power peaks, then enrich for a smooth engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the traffic pattern altitude in class D for large or turbine aircraft?

    <p>1500 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the control tower in class D closes, what happens to the tower limit of controlled airspace?

    <p>It becomes class E at 700 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Common and Private Carriage

    • Common carriage: Refers to the transport of cargo or passengers advertised to the public for compensation, indicating a willingness to serve all customers.
    • Private carriage: Involves transport for a select group of clients without public advertisement, typically characterized by a small number of customers.

    Pilot Certifications and Requirements

    • Commercial pilot limitations: Without an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) rating, pilots cannot carry passengers on flights exceeding 50 nautical miles or during night time.
    • Pilot in Command (PIC) requirements: Must possess a photo ID, a valid pilot certificate, and a current medical certificate.
    • Notifying FAA of address change: Pilots must inform the FAA within 30 days of any permanent address change.

    Loss of Certification

    • If a pilot's certificate is lost or destroyed, they must apply for a replacement through the Department of Transportation and FAA. A fax confirmation can be used as a temporary certificate for 60 days.

    Aircraft Experience Endorsements

    • High performance aircraft: Requires logged training in both ground and flight, along with a logbook endorsement.
    • Pressurized aircraft: Similar requirements as high performance aircraft, involving logged training and an endorsement.
    • Tailwheel aircraft: Requires logged flight training and a specific logbook endorsement.

    Operational and Logbook Regulations

    • Logging Second in Command (SIC): Permitted when the aircraft requires two pilots and the pilot meets all SIC qualifications.
    • Night flight logging: Flight time can be logged from the end of civil twilight to the beginning of morning civil twilight, defined by the American Air Almanac.
    • Commercial pilot flight currency: Required to perform takeoffs and landings in the same category, class, and type within the last 90 days; night takeoffs and landings must be completed at night.

    Medical Certification

    • A second-class medical is necessary for commercial flights, valid for 12 calendar months.

    Flight Operations and Maintenance

    • Not all flight time needs to be logged; only those which satisfy the requirements for certificates or currency.
    • Aircraft airworthiness certificates must be displayed to all passengers and crew members at the cabin or cockpit entrance.
    • Weight and balance adjustments are required whenever equipment is changed on the aircraft.

    Maintenance and Inspections

    • An airworthiness certificate remains valid as long as the aircraft is properly maintained and registered in the U.S.
    • Required maintenance includes an annual inspection; a 100-hour inspection is necessary only if the aircraft is used for hire. Annual inspections may suffice as a 100-hour inspection.
    • Preventative maintenance can be performed by certified pilots with at least a private pilot certificate.

    Aircraft Performance

    • High-performance aircraft: Defined as having an engine that produces more than 200 horsepower.
    • Service ceiling: The altitude where the aircraft's maximum rate of climb is no more than 100 feet per minute.

    Control Surfaces and Systems

    • Flaps increase lift and drag, allowing for slower airspeed during descents and shorter takeoff distances.
    • Spoilers serve to reduce lift and increase drag, aiding in slowing down during flight and landing.
    • Variable pitch propellers maintain constant engine RPM during climbs and descents.

    System Operations

    • Landing gear operates via electrical and hydraulic systems, with mechanical down-locks securing it in position.
    • Warning systems alert pilots when gear is not down at low altitude or when manifold pressure is insufficient.
    • Turbochargers enhance engine performance by compressing air and utilizing exhaust gases to drive the compressor.

    Emergency Procedures

    • Circuit breakers should only be reset after cooling for two minutes, and if tripped again, should not be reset.
    • Decompression can lead to hypoxia, exposure to extreme cold, and altitudinal sickness, representing significant pilot dangers.

    Flight Procedures

    • Traffic pattern altitude in Class D airspace for larger or turbine aircraft is set at 1500 feet.
    • When a control tower in Class D closes, the airspace transitions to Class E, starting at 700 feet.

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    Description

    This quiz provides flashcards on essential terms and concepts for commercial pilot training. It covers definitions related to common and private carriage, as well as limitations on commercial licenses. Perfect for aspiring pilots looking to reinforce their knowledge effectively.

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