Combustion Processes and Conditions

A chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, producing heat and light.

Materials that burn easily in the presence of oxygen, like paper or wood.

Substances that do not burn easily, like iron or glass.

The substance that supports burning, like oxygen.

The minimum temperature at which a substance catches fire.

Combustion that happens slowly and at low temperatures, like respiration or rusting.

The amount of heat energy released when a fuel is completely burned.

The process of burning fuels releases harmful substances into the environment, like smoke and greenhouse gases.

A type of combustion where a substance burns quickly, producing a lot of heat and light. Examples include burning a matchstick or LPG.

When a material ignites on its own without any external heat source. For example, sodium bursting into flames in air.

The rapid burning of a combustible mixture in a confined space, producing a large amount of energy, sound, and light. Examples are firecrackers and bombs.

The part of a candle that absorbs liquid wax and helps transport it to the flame.

Combustion that happens with enough oxygen, producing carbon dioxide as the main product.

The chemical reaction between a fuel and oxygen, producing carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

Combustion with insufficient oxygen, leading to the formation of soot, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide, causing air pollution.

The innermost area of a candle flame where no combustion occurs due to lack of oxygen.

The process of slowing down or stopping a fire.

The visible, yellow/orange part of the candle flame where incomplete combustion occurs, producing soot.

The blue, outer part of the candle flame where carbon monoxide burns completely.

Tiny particles of unburnt carbon that are released during incomplete combustion.

The process of heating wax to vaporize it, allowing it to burn in the flame.

A poisonous gas produced during incomplete combustion. It reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.

A greenhouse gas released during combustion, contributing to global warming.

Rainwater containing dissolved oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, making it acidic.

Fine particles released during incomplete combustion, causing respiratory problems.

Substances that burn easily in the presence of oxygen.

Substances that do not burn easily in the presence of oxygen.

The act of completely stopping a fire by removing the heat, fuel, or oxygen needed for it to continue.

A device containing chemicals or agents that suppress or extinguish a fire by cooling the burning material and blocking the air supply.

A type of fire extinguisher that uses a chemical reaction to release carbon dioxide gas, which smothers the fire by displacing oxygen.

The process of a substance changing from a solid or liquid state to a gaseous state. This is necessary for a flame to occur.

A visible, luminous body of burning gas, produced when a substance vaporizes and reacts with oxygen.

Petrol is a better fuel than wax because it burns more completely, releasing more energy for a given amount, and leaving less residue.

Any substance that can be burned to produce energy. It undergoes rapid oxidation, releasing heat and light.

Fuels are classified based on their physical state (solid, liquid, gas) and occurrence. Fossil fuels are formed from ancient plant and animal remains.

A type of stove that ensures complete combustion, minimizing smoke and pollution. It has a tall chimney to exhaust combustion products and improve efficiency.

A good fuel is cheap, readily available, easy to handle and store, has high energy output, and produces minimal waste products.