Combustion and Environmental Impact Quiz

The process of burning fuel to release energy, often used in power plants to generate electricity.

The components of a fuel that react to form combustion products.

The primary product of carbon reacting during combustion.

The product of incomplete combustion of a fuel, indicating insufficient oxygen.

The product of sulfur reacting during combustion.

The composition of a gas mixture excluding water vapor.

The gas leaving a combustion furnace, often containing various byproducts.

The amount of air required to completely burn a fuel, assuming all carbon is converted to CO2 and hydrogen to H2O.

The additional air supplied beyond the theoretical air needed for complete combustion.

The moles or molar flow rate of oxygen required for the complete combustion of a specific amount of fuel.

The process of converting a gas composition from a dry basis (excluding water vapor) to a wet basis (including water vapor).

The total flow rate of gas in a stack, including the water vapor present.

The flow rate of gas in a stack, excluding the water vapor present.

The solid residue left after the destructive distillation of wood. It burns quickly with a clear flame, producing little smoke and releasing about 6,050 calories per kilogram.

Solid residue obtained from the destructive distillation of coal. It can be categorized into soft and hard coke, depending on the temperature range of distillation.

A type of coke produced at lower temperatures (600-650°C) with a higher volatile matter content (5-10%). It burns without smoke and is primarily used for domestic heating.

A type of coke formed at higher temperatures (1200-1400°C) with a lower volatile matter content. It burns with smoke and finds application in metallurgical processes.

A type of fuel made from compressed coal dust, culm, or slack. They are designed to be hard and resistant to crumbling.

The fibrous residue left after extracting sugar juice from sugarcane.

The process of heating a material in an enclosed space without air to break it down into different components.

A measure of how much a fuel can be turned into a gas at a specific temperature. Higher volatile matter means a fuel burns more quickly and produces more smoke.

The process of converting leftover materials into useful products, such as carbonized fuels or briquettes.

The application of heat and controlled conditions to separate, refine, or transform materials.

A process that converts liquid hydrocarbons into hydrogen and carbon black. Around 48% of the feed's energy is in the hydrogen, 40% in activated carbon, and 10% in steam. Notably, CO2 is not produced during this process.

A variation of hydrocarbon decomposition using plasma technology to produce hydrogen, heat, and carbon from methane or natural gas. This process involves a plasma converter.

The process of converting coal into various useful products, including power, liquid fuels, chemicals, and hydrogen. It involves reacting coal with oxygen and steam under high pressure and temperature.

The conversion of carbon monoxide in a gas mixture, often from coal gasification, with steam to produce additional hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This reaction is crucial for maximizing hydrogen yield.

The process of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen using an electric current. If powered by renewable energy, it produces "green hydrogen", a carbon-free fuel.

This method is currently the cheapest source of industrial hydrogen, where methane reacts with steam at high temperatures (700-1100°C) in the presence of a nickel catalyst, producing carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The carbon monoxide can then be further reacted with steam to produce more hydrogen.

The reaction where methane and steam are heated to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

The reaction in SMR where carbon monoxide reacts with steam to form carbon dioxide and additional hydrogen.

The byproduct of the SMR process, it is a greenhouse gas.

A method for producing hydrogen from methane that involves its thermal decomposition into hydrogen and solid carbon, resulting in CO2-free hydrogen.

The splitting of methane directly into hydrogen and solid carbon, forming the basis of methane pyrolysis.

The main benefit of methane pyrolysis, as it only produces solid carbon as a byproduct, eliminating the need for CO2 capture and storage.

A mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced by various industrial processes, including SMR.

A reaction that absorbs heat from the surroundings.

A reaction that releases heat to the surroundings.