Colour Properties: Intensity

Colour Properties

• Intensity is one of the three main properties of Colour, along with hue and saturation
• Refers to the brightness or dullness of a Colour
• Can be changed by adding white or black
• Light Colours create a sense of airiness and space, while dark Colours create a sense of depth and mystery

Tint and Shade

• Tint: a Colour mixed with white, making it lighter
• Shade: a Colour mixed with black, making it darker
• Tints and shades can create different effects in design, such as airiness, depth, and contrast

Value

• One of the three main properties of Colour, along with hue and saturation
• Refers to the lightness or darkness of a Colour
• Can be changed by adding white or black
• Important element of design, used to create contrast, depth, and mood

Symbolism of Colour

• Colours hold significant symbolism across cultures, influencing emotions and perceptions
• Examples:
  • Red: love, passion, energy, danger, and luck
  • Blue: calm, serenity, trust, stability, and wisdom
  • Yellow: happiness, positivity, intellect, and caution
  • Green: nature, growth, harmony, hope, and health
  • Black: elegance, formality, mystery, and death
  • White: purity, innocence, peace, and cleanliness

Basic Shapes

• Three-dimensional (3D) shapes:
  • Sphere: perfectly round, no edges or vertices, used in balls, planets, and domes
  • Cube: solid with six square faces, twelve edges, and eight vertices, used in architecture and design
  • Cylinder: curved surface, two circular bases, and no vertices, used in cans, tubes, and pillars
  • Cone: circular base, curved surface, and one vertex, used in ice cream cones and traffic cones
  • Rectangular Prism: six rectangular faces, twelve edges, and eight vertices, used in boxes and buildings
• Two-dimensional (2D) shapes:
  • Circle: perfectly round, no corners or edges, used in wheels and coins
  • Square: four sides, all equal length, and right angles, used in tiles, frames, and boxes
  • Triangle: three sides, sum of internal angles is 180 degrees, used in architecture, signage, and engineering
  • Rectangle: four sides, opposite sides equal, and right angles, used in doors, windows, and paper sheets
  • Oval: elongated, curved shape, no corners or edges, used in logos, sports fields, and design

Principles of Design

• Proportion:
  • Refers to the relationship between elements in terms of size, scale, and visual weight
  • Important for balance, harmony, and visual unity in a design
• Dominance or Emphasis:
  • Refers to highlighting certain elements to create focal points and guide the viewer's attention
  • Uses contrast, typography, Colour, texture, and spatial arrangement to create visual hierarchy
• Rhythm:
  • Refers to the repetition, variation, and visual flow of elements in a composition
  • Creates a sense of movement, continuity, and harmony in a design### Unity in Design
• Unity is a fundamental principle in design that focuses on creating a cohesive and harmonious relationship among all elements in a composition
• Key aspects of unity:
  • Visual cohesion: maintaining a consistent style, theme, or aesthetic throughout the design elements
  • Repetition: repeating visual elements such as colors, shapes, or patterns to establish unity and reinforce the overall design concept
  • Consistency: ensuring elements share common traits like proportions, spacing, or alignment to enhance overall unity
  • Hierarchy: establishing a clear hierarchy among elements to guide the viewer's attention to key focal points
  • Balance: achieving balance in distribution, contrast, and scale of elements to contribute to a sense of unity and aesthetic appeal
  • Proximity: grouping related elements closely together to reinforce their connection and relationship, enhancing unity
  • Typography and layout: using consistent typography choices and grid systems to create organized layouts that contribute to overall unity
  • Brand identity: maintaining unity in design elements like logos, colors, and imagery to reinforce brand identity and message cohesiveness

Harmony in Design

• Harmony in design refers to the effective combination of elements to create a visually pleasing and unified composition
• Key aspects of harmony:
  • Color harmony: utilizing color harmonies such as complementary, analogous, or monochromatic palettes to create visual balance and unity
  • Unity in variety: combining diverse elements in a balanced and cohesive manner to add interest while maintaining overall harmony
  • Consistency: maintaining consistency in style, typography, spacing, and alignment across design elements to foster harmony
  • Proportion and scale: ensuring proportional relationships and scaling among elements to contribute to a harmonious visual hierarchy
  • Texture and pattern: harmonizing textures and patterns in a design to enhance visual interest and depth
  • Symmetry and balance: balancing elements based on their visual weight and placement to achieve harmony
  • Negative space: using negative space effectively to contribute to visual clarity, emphasis, and overall harmony
  • Emotional resonance: evoking specific emotions or conveying a particular mood through harmonious design elements

Proportion of Human Figure in Fashion and Design

• Understanding the proportions of the human figure is essential in fashion and design to create aesthetically pleasing and comfortable garments
• Key aspects of proportion in fashion and design:
  • Pattern making: knowledge of body proportions is crucial in pattern making to ensure garments fit correctly and flatter the body
  • Fit and silhouette: understanding body proportions helps designers create silhouettes that highlight a person's best features and create a balanced look
  • Garment design: knowledge of proportions allows designers to create garments with balanced proportions and visual symmetry
  • Accessories: proportions guide the design of accessories such as belts, hats, and jewelry to ensure they complement the overall look
  • Length and proportion: understanding body proportions helps in determining the appropriate length of hems, sleeves, and inseams for different body types